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Journal Information
Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 189-195 (January 2010)
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Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 189-195 (January 2010)
Management of the surgical pathology of the parotid gland: A review of 54 cases
Manejo de la patología quirúrgica de la glándula parótida: revisión de 54 casos
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José Granella,
Corresponding author
jgranelln@seorl.net

Corresponding author.
, Juan L. Sánchez-Jaraa, Javier Gavilanesa, María J. Velascoa, Teresa Collazoa, Javier Herrerob, Gonzalo Martína
a Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila, Ávila, Spain
b Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Río Horterga, Valladolid, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction and aim of the study

The management of the surgical pathology of the parotid gland and its results are relatively uniform. However, in both the diagnostic and the therapeutic aspects, there are some controversial issues that we discuss from the point of view of recent experience at our department.

Methods

A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent parotidectomy for any indication between July 2004 and June 2009 (5 years).

Results

Fifty-four parotidectomies were performed in 52 patients. CT was the most commonly used preoperative diagnostic imaging study. The accuracy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy was 93.3%. Seventy six percent were benign processes; among them 7.3% with inflammatory causes. All of the surgical procedures from April 2005 onwards were performed with electrophysiological monitoring of the facial nerve. Superficial parotidectomy was performed in 75.6% of benign cases. The incidence of transient facial paresis in benign pathologies was of 14.6% (all of them of grades II and III). Two cases (both with total parotidectomy) had permanent facial mobility sequelae. The rhytidectomy incision was used preferentially in young women.

Conclusions

The controversial issues identified, due either to discrepancies or lack of enough evidence, were: the diagnostic role of MRI, the validity and usefulness of FNA, the indications of surgical treatment, the need for facial nerve monitoring and the consideration of cosmetic aspects, in particular the indications of rhytidectomy incision.

Keywords:
Parotid surgery
Facial nerve monitoring
Rhytidectomy
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

El abordaje de la patología quirúrgica de la glándula parótida y los resultados obtenidos son relativamente uniformes. Sin embargo, tanto en la vertiente diagnóstica como en la terapéutica, existen algunos aspectos controvertidos cuya discusión planteamos a partir de la experiencia reciente de nuestro servicio.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo sobre pacientes sometidos a parotidectomía por cualquier indicación entre julio de 2004 y junio de 2009 (5 años).

Resultados

Se realizaron 54 parotidectomías en 52 pacientes. La TC fue el estudio de imagen preoperatorio más utilizado. La validez de la PAAF fue del 93,3%. El 76% fueron procesos benignos; entre ellos el 7,3% de causa inflamatoria. Todas las intervenciones se realizaron con monitorización electrofisiológica del nervio facial a partir de abril de 2005. Se realizó parotidectomía superficial en el 75,6% de los procesos benignos. La incidencia de paresias faciales transitorias en patología benigna fue del 14,6% (todas grados II y III). Dos casos (ambos con parotidectomía total) tuvieron secuelas permanentes de movilidad facial. La incisión de ritidectomía se utilizó preferentemente en mujeres jóvenes.

Conclusiones

Identificamos como puntos de controversia, bien por discrepancia con la evidencia científica, bien por evidencia insuficiente: el papel diagnóstico de la RM, la validez y utilidad de la PAAF, las indicaciones del tratamiento quirúrgico, la necesidad de monitorización del nervio facial, y la consideración de los aspectos cosméticos, en particular las indicaciones de la incisión de ritidectomía.

Palabras clave:
Cirugía parotídea
Monitorización del nervio facial
Ritidectomía

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