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Vol. 45. Issue 4.
Pages 257-263 (May 2021)
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Vol. 45. Issue 4.
Pages 257-263 (May 2021)
Review article
Controversies in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus
Controversias en el diagnóstico del carcinoma de células renales con trombosis venosa asociada
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8
J. Caño Velascoa,
Corresponding author
jorcavel@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, L. Polanco Pujola, J. Hernandez Cavieresa, F.J. González Garcíaa, F. Herranz Amoa, G. Cianciob, C. Hernández Fernándeza
a Unidad de Tumores Renales con Afectación Venosa (TRAV), Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Urology, Miami Transplant Institute and Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
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Abstract

Diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombosis remains a challenge today, requiring multidisciplinary teams, mainly in tumor thrombus levels III–IV. Our objective is to present the various diagnostic techniques used and its controversies. A review of the most relevant related articles between January 2000 and August 2020 has been carried out in PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo. Continuous technological development has allowed progress in its detection, in the approximation of the histological subtype, and in the determination of tumor thrombus level. Regardless of the imaging technique used for its diagnosis (CT, MRI, TEE, ultrasound with contrast), the time elapsed until treatment is vitally important to reduce the risk of complications, some of them fatal, such as pulmonary thromboembolism.

Keywords:
Renal carcinoma
Venousthrombosis
Diagnosis
Time
Resumen

El diagnóstico y tratamiento del carcinoma de células renales asociado con trombosis venosa tumoral sigue suponiendo un reto en la actualidad, requiriendo de equipos multidisciplinares, fundamentalmente en niveles del trombo III y IV. Nuestro objetivo es la exposición de las distintas técnicas diagnósticas empleadas y de las controversias asociadas. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo una revisión de los artículos relacionados más relevantes entre enero del 2000 y agosto de 2020 en PubMed, EMBASE y Scielo. El continuo desarrollo tecnológico, ha permitido avanzar en su detección, en la aproximación del subtipo histológico y en la determinación del nivel del trombo tumoral. Independientemente de la técnica de imagen utilizada para su diagnóstico (TC, RMN, ETE, ecografía con contraste), es de vital importancia el tiempo transcurrido hasta su tratamiento con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones, algunas de ellas fatales como el tromboembolismo pulmonar.

Palabras clave:
Carcinoma renal
Trombosis venosa
Diagnóstico
Tiempo

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