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Vol. 30. Issue 8.
Pages 812-818 (January 2006)
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Vol. 30. Issue 8.
Pages 812-818 (January 2006)
Complicaciones de la nefrectomía laparoscópica
Complications in laparoscopic nephrectomy
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O. Castillo1
Corresponding author
octaviocastillo@vtr.net

Dr. O. Castillo Cádiz Avda. Presidente Kennedy 6899 Apt. 191, Las Condes 7550000 Santiago (Chile)
, C. Bejarano, O. Cortés, I. Pinto, J. Hoyos, G. Vitagliano
Unidad de Urología, Clínica Santa María. Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile. Santiago, Chile
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Resumen
Objetivos

Presentamos las complicaciones en nuestra serie de nefrectomía laparoscópica y el manejo dado a cada una de ellas.

Métodos

Entre noviembre de 1992 y marzo de 2004, 319 pacientes fueron llevados a cirugía renal ablativa con técnica laparoscópica: 152 mujeres y 167 hombres, con edad promedio de 45 años (rango: 0,5 - 82 años). Se realizaron 70 nefrectomías radicales, 16 nefroureterectomías radicales, 63 nefrectomías parciales, 124 nefrectomías simples, 15 nefroureterectomías simples, 8 heminefrectomías y 23 nefrectomías de donante vivo para trasplante.

Resultados

La tasa de complicaciones fue del 5,64%. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron sangrado (2,5%) y hematoma retroperitoneal (1,2%). No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la tasa de complicaciones por sexo, edad o vía de abordaje: transperitoneal o lumboscópica. El realizar una técnica laparoscópica pura o con asistencia manual, no representó cambio en la tasa de complicaciones. No hubo casos de mortalidad en la serie.

Conclusiones

Nuestra serie de nefrectomía laparoscópica muestra una baja tasa de complicaciones. Consideramos que en manos experimentadas, la laparoscopía es una técnica segura en pacientes que requieren cirugía renal ablativa.

Palabras clave:
Laparoscopia
Nefrectomía
Complicaciones
Abstract
Objective

To report the complications and their respective management in our series of laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Material and methods

Between November 1992 and March 2004, 319 patients underwent laparoscopic ablative renal surgery: 152 were women and 167 were men, mean age was 45 years (range: 0,5 - 82 years). There were 70 radical nephrectomies, 16 radical nephroureterectomies, 63 partial nephrectomies, 124 simples nephrectomies, 15 simples nephroureterectomies, 8 heminephrectomies and 23 living donor nephrectomies.

Results

The complication rate was 5.64%. The most frequent complications were bleeding (2.5%) and retroperitoneal haematoma (1.2%). There was not statically difference in complications rate by age, sex, or approach via: transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal. Complication rate was alike with laparoscopic or hand assisted technique. There was not mortality in the series.

Conclusions

We have a low complication rate in laparoscopic nephrectomy. We believe that laparoscopy is a safe technique for patients that require ablative renal surgery when the surgical team has experience in advanced laparoscopic surgery.

Key words:
Laparoscopy
Nephrectomy
Complications

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