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Journal Information
Vol. 33. Issue 9.
Pages 941-951 (October 2009)
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Vol. 33. Issue 9.
Pages 941-951 (October 2009)
Revisión – Oncología
Hipoxia tumoral. Papel del factor inducible por hipoxia
Tumor hypoxia: the role of HIF
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Avelino Fraga
Corresponding author
avfraga@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Ricardo Ribeiro, Rui Medeiros
Instituto Português Oncologia, Oncologia Molecular, Porto, Portugal
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Resumen

Los tumores sólidos, por lo general, existen y progresan en un ambiente de hipoxia; así se observa que las células tumorales son resistentes a la apoptosis y se acompañan de un aumento de la angiogénesis, volviéndose más agresivas, con capacidad invasora y resistentes al tratamiento.

La genética y los mecanismos biológicos subyacentes a este fenómeno son todavía poco claros, pero muchos estudios sugieren un papel del factor inducible por hipoxia (hipoxia inducible factor [HIF]) en este proceso. En condiciones de hipoxia, la subunidad alfa no es destruida y activará la transcripción de un conjunto de genes que contribuyen a la agresividad del tumor. Su expresión está asociada a un aumento del potencial metastásico que se verifica tanto en estudios animales, como en tumores humanos.

La hipoxia tumoral se ha convertido en un factor clave en la progresión tumoral y se asocia a un mal pronóstico, sobre todo en tumores de riñón y próstata. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo revisar la importancia de la hipoxia en la carcinogénesis y en la progresión tumoral, presentando una revisión de los conocimientos actuales sobre el tema, mecanismos de acción y la activación del HIF-1α.

Palabras clave:
HIF
Hipoxia
Cáncer
Abstract

Solid tumors usually occur and progress in a hypoxic enviroment, suggesting that tumor cells are resistant to apoptosis and are associated to an increased angiogenesis, which makes them more aggressive, with invasive capacity and resistant to treatment. The genetic and biological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unclear, but many studies suggest a role of HIF in this process. Under hypoxic conditions, the alpha subunit is not destroyed, and will activate transcription of a set of genes contributing to tumor aggressiveness. Its expression is associated to an increased metastatic potential that has been shown in both animal studies and human tumors.

Tumor hypoxia has emerged as a key factor in tumor progression and is associated to a poor prognosis, particularly in kidney and prostate tumors. The purpose of this study was to review the significance of hypoxia in carcinogeneses and tumor progression by reviewing the current knowledge on the subject and the mechanisms of action and activation of HIF-1a

Keywords:
HIF
Hypoxia
Cancer

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