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Vol. 26. Issue 10.
Pages 806-810 (January 2002)
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Vol. 26. Issue 10.
Pages 806-810 (January 2002)
Nefritis bacteriana aguda difusa en riñón en herradura
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A. Rodríguez Alonsoa,1, A. González Blancoa, C. Bonelli Martína, M.E. Cachay Ayalaa, I.M. Suárez Dono*, J. Lorenzo Francoa, M.A. Cuerpo Péreza, J. Nieto Garcíaa
* Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital Arquitecto Marcide. El Ferrol. La Coruña
a Servicio de Urología
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Resumen

El riñón en herradura es una malformación congénita que predispone al desarrollo de infecciones urinarias altas, por la ectasia piélica inherente a la malrotación de las unidades renales. La nefritis bacteriana aguda es un estadio evolutivo de la infección renal aguda situado entre la pielonefritis aguda y el absceso renal. El diagnóstico diferencial entre estas entidades sólo es posible mediante el apoyo de alguna técnica de imagen, ya que desde el punto de vista clínico son indistinguibles. El TAC con contraste es la técnica de mayor sensibilidad y especificidad en el diagnóstico de nefritis bacteriana aguda, y se considera la prueba de elección. Los hallazgos característicos del TAC son áreas corticales redondeadas o cuneiformes que adquieren una apariencia estriada tras la administración de contraste. El tratamiento está basado en antibioterapia de amplio espectro, que debe mantenerse durante un período de 3-6 semanas.

Presentamos un caso de nefritis bacteriana aguda difusa, en un paciente pediátr co con riñón en herradura, que se resolvió satisfactoriamente con tratamiento antibiótico prolongado.

Palabras clave:
Nefritis bacteriana aguda
Riñón en herradura
Pielonefritis
Nefronía lobar aguda
Abstract

Horseshoe kidney is a congenital malformation which predisposes the patient to severe urinary tract infections, due to pelvic ectasia which is inherent in the malrotation of the renal units. Acute bacterial nephritis is an evolutionary stage of the acute renal infection situated between acute pyelonephritis and renal abscess. It is only possible to carry out a differential diagnosis of these two bodies through the application of some imaging technique, as it is impossible to differentiate them from a clinical point of view. A CT contrast scan is the most sensitive and specific means of diagnosing acute bacterial nephritis, and is considered to be the most appropriate test method. The CT scan usually reveals circular or wedge-shaped cortical areas which become striated after contrast administration. Treatment is based on broad-spectrum antibiotherapy, which must be continued for a period of 3 to 6 weeks.

We present a case of diffuse acute bacterial nephritis, occurring in a paediatric patient with a horseshoe kidney, which was successfully treated by means of a prolonged course of antibiotics.

Key words:
Acute bacterial nephritis
Horseshoe kidney
Pyelonephritis
Acute lobar nephronia

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