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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) Combined external radiotherapy and hormone therapy in patients with locally adva...
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Vol. 35. Issue 3.
Pages 146-151 (January 2011)
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Vol. 35. Issue 3.
Pages 146-151 (January 2011)
Original article
Combined external radiotherapy and hormone therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer: Predictive factors of genitourinary toxicity
Tratamiento combinado con radioterapia externa y hormonoterapia en los pacientes con cáncer de próstata localmente avanzado: factores predictivos de toxicidad genitourinaria
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C. Ferrandisa,
Corresponding author
cristinaferrandis@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J.A. Marcha, J.M. Martíneza, J. Hernándeza, N. Dieza, V. Morillob, F. Garcíaa, P. Chuana
a Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
b Servicio de Radioterapia, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Radiotherapy and androgen deprivation are an established treatment option for locally advanced prostate cancer. We evaluate outcomes in efficacy and toxicity for patients treated with this combined therapy at our institution.

Methods

A retrospective study of 80 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy combined with neo-adjuvant (2 months) and adjuvant (24 months) androgen deprivation. We studied the clinical variables and side effects. We evaluated treatment outcomes using PSA nadir and biochemical failure, and recorded acute and chronic gastrointestinal and urinary toxicity. We assessed the correlation between clinical variables and urinary toxicity by means of univariate and multivariate analyses (multiple logistic regression).

Results

The mean patient age was 68±5.81 years; the initial PSA was 20.05±16.27ng/ml and the mean prostate volume 43.7±27.57 cc. The clinical stage was T3a in 33% and T3b in 66%. The Gleason score was <7 in 39%, 7 in 46% and ≥8 in 15%. The mean follow-up was 44.4 months and biochemical failure was observed in 3 cases. Acute urinary toxicity was recorded in 90% of the patients (chronic in 35%) and acute gastrointestinal toxicity in 75% (late in 32%). In a univariate analysis, prostate volume and urinary symptoms were statistically correlated to acute and late urinary toxicity. Both prostate volume and urinary symptoms were independently associated with an increase in urinary toxicity in the logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions

Hormone-radiotherapy is a valid option to treat locally advanced prostate cancer with optimal short-term outcomes, although it is not devoid of side effects. Prostate volume and urinary symptoms before treatment can predict genitourinary toxicity.

Keywords:
Locally advanced prostate cancer
Radiotherapy
Hormone therapy
Adverse effects
Efficacy
Recurrence
Resumen
Introducción

Una opción de tratamiento del cáncer de próstata localmente avanzado es la radioterapia combinada con la ablación androgénica. Revisamos los resultados de eficacia y toxicidad del tratamiento combinado en un grupo de pacientes tratados con esta terapia combinada en nuestra institución.

Material y método

Estudio retrospectivo de 80 pacientes con cáncer prostático localmente avanzado tratados con radioterapia externa y hormonoterapia neoadyuvante (dos meses) y adyuvante (24 meses). Se realiza un estudio descriptivo de las variables clínico-patológicas y de los efectos secundarios. Evaluamos la respuesta al tratamiento mediante el PSA nadir y recidiva bioquímica. Analizamos la toxicidad aguda y crónica genitourinaria, intentando establecer qué factores influyen en su aparición mediante análisis uni y multivariante (regresión logística múltiple).

Resultados

La media de edad fue 68±5,81 años, el PSA inicial 20,05±16,27ng/ml yel volumen prostático medio 43,7±27,57 cc. El 33% fueron estadio T3a y el 66% T3b. El Gleason fue < 7 en el 39%, 7 en el 46% y ≥ 8 en el 15%. Tras un seguimiento medio de 44,4 meses se detectó recidiva bioquímica en tres casos. La toxicidad aguda postirradiación genitourinaria apareció en el 90% (35% tardía) y gastrointestinal en el 75% (32% tardía). El análisis univariante muestra relación entre el volumen prostático y los síntomas urinarios previos con la toxicidad genitourinaria aguda y crónica. Estos se confirman como factores predictivos independientes de toxicidad genitourinaria en el análisis de regresión logística.

Conclusiones

La hormono-radioterapia es una opción válida para el tratamiento del cáncer localmente avanzado con resultados óptimos a corto plazo, aunque no está exenta de efectos secundarios. La sintomatología urinaria previa y el volumen prostático pueden predecir la toxicidad genitourinaria.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de próstata localmente avanzado
Radioterapia
Hormonoterapia
Efectos adversos
Eficacia
Recurrencia

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