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Vol. 59. Issue 5.
Pages 375-380 (January 2007)
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Vol. 59. Issue 5.
Pages 375-380 (January 2007)
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¿Cuál es el momento idóneo para la medición por ultrasonidos de la dilatación braquial mediada por flujo?
What is the ideal moment for ultrasound measurement of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation?
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E. Martínez-Aguilar
Corresponding author
esthermartinezaguilar@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: San Jaime, 48, 1.° A, dcha. E-28031 Madrid
, J. de Haro-Miralles, F.J. Medina-Maldonado, A. Flórez-González, C. Varela-Casariego, F. Acín
Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Getafe, Madrid, España
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Resumen
Introducción y objetivo

Las guías técnicas de medición de la dilatación braquial mediada por flujo (DBMF) recomiendan su medida en diástole para evitar la influencia de la distensibilidad (complianza) arterial en los resultados. Sin embargo, no existen estudios que corroboren esta hipótesis, por lo que éste es el objetivo primordial de nuestro trabajo.

Sujetos y métodos

Se reclutaron dos grupos de sujetos con estos criterios: grupo I, sujetos sanos con índice tobillo/brazo (ITB) > 0,9 y menores de 30 años, y grupo II, pacientes con arteriopatía periférica sintomática definida por un ITB < 0,9. Se les realizó la medición de la dilatación de la arteria braquial mediada por flujo (DBMF) en el brazo derecho en sístole (S) y diástole (D). Se midió en el mismo acto el ITB y se recogieron los factores de riesgo y los tratamientos. Además, se determinó la dilatación mediada por flujo en ambas arterias femorales (DFMF).

Resultados

Se reclutaron 36 y 33 sujetos de los grupos I y II, respectivamente. Se compararon los valores de dilatación en Sy Dy se representaron como grupo: S/D (valor p). DBMF: I + II: 8,1 ± 4,6%/7,6 ± 4,9% (p = 0,3); I: 10,8 ± 2,9%/9,9 ± 3,8% (p = 0,055); II: 5,2 ± 4,3%/5,16 ± 4,8% (p = 0,3). DFMF:I + II: 3,13 ± 3,6%/2,8 ± 3,6% (p = 0,35); I: 5,3 ± 2,9%/4,8 ± 2,6% (p = 0,02);II: 0,6 ± 2,5%/0,6 ± 3,4% (p = 0,9).

Conclusiones

Si se asume la influencia de la complianza en la dilatación arterial, se observa que la dilatación mediada por flujo en sístole es superior a la diastólica en los sujetos sanos, mientras que en los enfermos esta diferencia es prácticamente inexistente. Aunque la diferencia en la arteria braquial de sujetos sanos no llega a la significación (p = 0,055), sí que lo hace en la femoral (p = 0,02), por lo que, al valorar los datos en conjunto, recomendamos utilizar la medición en diástole para evitar sesgos a la hora de realizar comparaciones entre sanos y enfermos.

Palabras clave:
Dilatación braquial
Dilatación en diástole
Dilatación en sístole
Dilatación femoral
Disfunción endotelial
Distensibilidad
Summary
Introduction and aims

The technical guides to measuring the brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BFMD) recommend that it should be measured in the diastolic phase in order to prevent results from being influenced by arterial distensibility (compliance). No studies have been conducted, however, to confirm this hypothesis and this is therefore the main purpose of our research.

Subjects and methods

Two groups of subjects were recruited on the basis of the following criteria: group I, healthy subjects with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) > 0.9 and below 30 years of age, and group II, composed of patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease that was defined by an ABI < 0.9. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was measured in the right arm in both the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) phases. The ABI was measured at the same time and the risk factors and treatments were collected. Flow-mediated dilation was also determined in both femoral arteries (FFMD).

Results

Groups I and II consisted of 36 and 33 subjects respectively. The dilation values in the S and D phases were compared and represented as a group: S/D (value p). BFMD: I + II: 8.1 ± 4.6%/7.6 ± 4.9% (p = 0.3); I: 10.8 ± 2.9%/9.9 ± 3.8% (p = 0.055); II: 5.2 ± 4.3%/5.16 ± 4.8% (p = 0.3). FFMD: I + II: 3.13 ± 3.6% / 2.8 ± 3.6% (p = 0.35); I: 5.3 ± 2.9%/4.8 ± 2.6% (p = 0.02); II: 0.6 ± 2.5%/0.6 ± 3.4% (p = 0.9).

Conclusions

If it is assumed that compliance influences arterial dilation, systolic flow-mediated dilation is seen to be higher than in the diastolic phase in healthy subjects, whereas this difference is practically inexistent in patients. Although the difference in the brachial artery of healthy subjects does not reach significance (p = 0.055), it does in the femoral artery (p = 0.02). Therefore, on appraising the data as a whole, we recommend measurement in the diastolic phase in order to avoid the occurrence of biases when comparing between healthy and sick subjects.

Key words:
Brachial dilation
Diastolic dilation
Distensibility
Endothelial dilation
Femoral dilation
Systolic dilation
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