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Vol. 58. Issue 2.
Pages 99-107 (January 2006)
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Vol. 58. Issue 2.
Pages 99-107 (January 2006)
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¿Es la oclusión contralateral un factor de riesgo para la endarterectomía carotídea?
Is contralateral occlusion a risk factor for carotid endarterectomy?
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E. Martínez-Aguilar
Corresponding author
esthermartinezaguilar@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Ctra. Toledo, km 12,5. E-28905 Getafe (Madrid).
, A. Bueno-Bertomeu, L. de Benito-Fernández, J.R. March-García, F. Acín
Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Getafe, Madrid
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Article information
Resumen
Objetivos

Valorar si hay justificación para considerar a los pacientes con oclusión contralateral (OC) como grupo de alto riesgo para la endarterectomía carotídea (EDA). Evaluar la influencia de la utilización del shunt en estos pacientes. Presentamos los resultados de la EDA, donde se compara el grupo de pacientes con OC y sin ella.

Pacientes y métodos

Entre enero de 1992 y diciembre de 2002, se realizaron 328 EDA. Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo en el que se revisaron los factores de riesgo, la sintomatología preoperatoria y la técnica quirúrgica.

Resultados

Se intervinieron 328 pacientes, un 86,6% de varones. De éstos, el 12,5% presentaban OC. La presencia de OC en pacientes asintomáticos fue significativamente mayor que en los sintomáticos (p <0,05). La utilización de shunt durante la cirugía fue superior en el grupo con OC (p <0,001). La morbilidad neurológica en la serie global fue del 3,3%. No se apreciaron diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de ictus postoperatorio asociados al uso o no de shunt, así como tampoco en cuanto a la tasa de morbimortalidad general postoperatoria entre el grupo con OC y el grupo sin ella.

Conclusiones

La presencia de OC no aumenta la morbimortalidad tras realizar una EDA, que se puede efectuar con aceptables resultados, comparables a los obtenidos en pacientes sin OC. El uso de shunt en estos pacientes no se asocia con una disminución de laposibilidad de ictus. El riesgo añadido de la OC no debe ser considerado factor de riesgo aislado para justificar otras alternativas terapéuticas.

Palabras clave:
Endarterectomía carotídea
Ictus postoperatorio
Oclusión carotídea contralateral
Shunt
Summary
Aims

To determine whether there is any justification for considering patients with contralateral occlusion (CO) as a group at high risk for carotid endarterectomy (CE). To evaluate the effects of using shunts in these patients. We report the outcomes of the CE, comparing two groups of patients with and without CO.

Patients and methods

Between January 1992 and December 2002, 328 CE were performed. A prospective study was conducted in which the risk factors, pre-operative symptoms and surgical technique were reviewed.

Results

A total of 328 patients were submitted to surgery, 86.6% of whom were males. Of these, 12.5% had CO. The presence of CO in asymptomatic patients was significantly higher than in symptomatic subjects (p <0.05). The rate of shunt use during surgery was higher in the group with CO (p <0.001). Neurological morbidity in the overall series was 3.3%. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of post-operative strokes that were associated to the usage or failure to use shunts. Likewise, no significant differences were found with regard to the general post-operative morbidity and mortality rates between the group with CO and the group that did not have CO.

Conclusions

The presence of CO does not increase the morbidity and mortality rates after carrying out a CE, which can be performed with acceptable results that are comparable to those obtained in patients without CO. The use of shunts in these patients is not associated to a decrease in the chances of suffering a stroke. The added risk of CO should not be considered to be an isolated risk factor in order to justify other therapeutic alternatives.

Key words:
Carotid endarterectomy
Contralateral carotid occlusion
Post-operative stroke
Shunt
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Trabajo presentado en las 51 Jornadas Angiológicas Españolas. I Congreso del Capítulo de Cirugía Endovascular. Cádiz, 1-4 de junio de 2005.

Copyright © 2006. SEACV
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