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Vol. 58. Issue 5.
Pages 417-421 (January 2006)
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Vol. 58. Issue 5.
Pages 417-421 (January 2006)
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Pseudoaneurisma de carótida común tras la canalización de la vena yugular interna
Pseudoaneurysmin the common carotid artery following cannulation of the internal jugular vein
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M. Guerra-Requenaa, A. Galindo-Garcíab, B. García-Fresnilloa, E. Blanco-Cañibanoa,
Corresponding author
estrebl@hotmail.com

Zaragoza, 9, 4.°-D. E-28804Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)
a Servicio de Angiologíay Cirugía Vascular. Hospital General Universitario de Guadalajara. Guadalajara
b Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos. Madrid, España
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Resumen
Introducción

Los pseudoaneurismas de la arteria carótida son una complicación poco frecuente de la canalización de la vena yugular interna. El incremento de pacientes incluidos en diálisis ha conllevado el aumento de canalizaciones de catéteres de doble luz en dicha vena, y con ello la aparición de pseudoaneurismas carotídeos tras punción venosa; ésta es la complicación posterior a la canalización de la vena yugular interna más frecuentemente publicada.

Caso clínico

Mujer de 25 años de edad, en diálisis, con un pseudoaneurisma de arteria carótida común derecha tras la canalización de la vena yugular interna. La lesión apareció tras la retirada del catéter, y se manifestó clínicamente por crecimiento rápido y síntomas compresivos. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante eco-Doppler, tomografia axial computa-rizada y arteriografía, y se observó un pseudoaneurisma dependiente de la carótida común derecha situado a 1 cm del origen del tronco braquicefálico. Se trató quirúrgicamente mediante esternotomía y cervicotomía y sutura directa del ostium, con evolución posquirúrgica satisfactoria.

Conclusiones

Los pseudoaneurismas de carótida tras punción de la vena yugular son poco frecuentes. Puesto que no es posible predecir su formación tras la retirada de catéter venoso, es necesaria una observación cercana y, en caso de aparición, un tratamiento temprano. Según nuestra experiencia, el tratamiento quirúrgico ofrece unos resultados buenos con una morbilidad aceptable. El tratamiento endovascular puede ser una opción para casos seleccionados.

Palabras clave:
Canalización de vena yugular interna
Carótida común
Catéter venoso central
Complicación
Hemo-diálisis
Pseudoaneurisma de arteria carótida
Pseudoaneurisma iatrogénico
Summary
Introduction

Pseudoaneurysms of the carotid artery are an infrequent complication that may arise as a result of cannulation of the internal jugular vein. The rise in the number of patients undergoing dialysis has brought with it an increase in the number of double lumen catheters inserted into the internal jugular vein, and at the same time the appearance of carotid pseudoaneurysms following venous puncture. This is the most frequently reported complication following cannulation of the internal jugular vein.

Case report

A 25-year-old female, on dialysis, with a pseudo-aneurysm in the right common carotid artery following cannulation of the internal jugular vein. The pseudoaneurysm appeared after withdrawal of the catheter, and clinical symptoms included fast growth and signs of compression. Diagnosis was performed using Doppler ultrasound, computerised axial tomography and arteriography, and a pseudo-aneurysm dependent on the right common carotid that originated 1 cm away from the start of the brachiocephalic trunk. It was treated surgically by means of a sternotomy and cervicotomy and direct suturing of the ostium, with satisfactory post-operative progress.

Conclusions

Carotid pseudoaneurysms following puncture of the jugular vein are infrequent. Since it is not possible to predict their formation after the withdrawal of a venous catheter, close observation and, should they appear, early treatment are necessary. In our experience, surgical treatment offers good results with an acceptable rate of morbidity. Endovascular treatment may be an option for certain cases.

Key words:
Central venous catheter
Common carotid artery
Complication
Haemodialysis
Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm
Internal jugular vein cannulation
Pseudoaneurysm in the carotid artery
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Copyright © 2006. SEACV
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