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Is recurrence rate of incidental hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation similar to previously known HCC? Towards a predictive recurrence score
Federico Pinero
,
Corresponding author
fpinerof@cas.austral.edu.ar

Correspondence and reprint request:
, Manuel Mendizabal*, Paola Casciato**, Omar Galdame**, Rodolfo Quiros***, Juan Bandi**, Eduardo Mullen****, Oscar Andriani*, Eduardo de Santibañes**, Luis G. Podestá*, Adrian Gadano**, Marcelo Silva*
* Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit. Hospital Universitario Austral. Buenos Aires, Argentina
** Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
*** Epidemiology and Statistics. Hospital Universitario Austral. Buenos Aires, Argentina
**** Department of Pathology. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="s0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0015">Introduction</span><p id="p0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recent data from liver transplant centers in Europe and the United States have shown that approximately 30&#37; of all liver transplants &#40;LT&#41; are indicated for hepatocellular carcinoma &#40;HCC&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Currently&#44; with routine HCC monitoring &#40;ultrasound exam every 6 months&#41;&#44; approximately 30&#37; of patients are diagnosed at early stages of disease&#44; making them candidates for curative treatments&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>The Milan criteria have been accepted for selecting HCC LT candidates&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> However&#44; despite their application&#44; recurrence after transplantation is diagnosed in 15-40&#37; of the cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8211;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Once established&#44; recurrence is considered to be systemic with poor prognosis and limited cure&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Known risk factors for recurrent HCC include&#58; number of tumor lesions&#44; total tumor diameter &#40;TTD&#41;&#44; pre-transplant serum alpha-fetoprotein &#40;AFP&#41; level&#44; tumor progression while on the waiting list&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> presence of microvascular invasion and tumor differentiation grade found in explanted liver specimen&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="p0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Advances in diagnostic imaging have enhanced HCC detection rates&#46; Most tumor lesions are diagnosed before LT&#46; However&#44; very small nodules may only be detected during explant pathology examination&#46; When Incidental HCC &#40;iHCC&#41; is thus detected&#44; uncertainty regarding risk of recurrence and patient follow-up management after transplant ensues&#46; While iHCC incidence varies in different published series between 2 and 40&#37;&#44; with a mean of 16&#37;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8211;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> controversy exists regarding the risk of recurrence and overall patient survival among iHCC patients and those with confirmed HCC diagnosed prior to transplant based on imaging criteria &#40;cHCC&#41;&#46; The aim of this study was to evaluate iHCC incidence during the Milan era&#44; identify risk factors for recurrence and compare recurrence rates between iHCC and cHCC in a cohort of transplanted patients&#46; We hypothesized that incidental tumors would present lower rates of microvascular invasion and smaller undifferentiated nodules and therefore less recurrence&#46;</p></span><span id="s0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0020">Material and Methods</span><p id="p0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 309 adult &#40;&#62; 17 years of age&#41; liver transplants were consecutively performed at the Hospital Universitario Austral and the Hospital Italiano of Buenos Aires between June 1st 2005 and June 30th 2010&#46; Patients who did not present cirrhosis or were transplanted for fulminant hepatic failure were excluded from this analysis&#46; At both centers and as established by international guidelines&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> pre-LT monitoring for HCC was performed on all patients using ultrasound with or without serum AFP assay every 6 months&#46; HCC imaging diagnosis was established based on the presence of arterial enhancement and washout during late portal phase on computed tomography &#40;CT&#41; or magnetic resonance imaging &#40;MRI&#41;&#46; In cases not presenting typical vascular pattern on CT or MRI scans&#44; fine needle biopsy was performed to confirm or exclude HCC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Both number and corresponding diameter of nodules were recorded in all cHCC cases&#44; which were then assigned scores according to Milan<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> and University of California San Francisco criteria &#40;UCSF&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8211;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="p0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Medical records were reviewed for clinical and recipient characteristics as well as most recent dynamic tumor images and laboratory data prior to transplant&#46; Immediate pre-transplant Child Pugh and Model for End-stage Liver Disease &#40;MELD&#41; scores were calculated&#46;</p><p id="p0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Follow-up visit scheduling varied between centers but CT or MRI&#44; bone scans and serum AFP assay were performed every 6 months in all patients&#46; Tumor recurrence was determined based on imaging&#44; serum AFP or biopsy when available&#46; Metastasis location and size as well as serum AFP at time of recurrence were recorded&#46; Recurrence-free survival was estimated as time elapsed between LT and date of recurrence&#46;</p><p id="p0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Immunosuppression was performed according to independent selection criteria at each hospital&#46; Initial immunosuppression in both centers included methylprednisolone 1&#44;200 mg during the first 24 h after transplant&#44; followed by tacrolimus &#40;Tac&#41; or cysclosporine A &#40;CsA&#41; with or without micophenolate sodium&#47;mophetil &#40;MMF&#41;&#46;</p><span id="s0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0025">Pathology findings</span><p id="p0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two different pathologists examined the explanted liver specimens at each site&#46; Macroscopy results &#40;10 mm slides&#41; were reported by the same pathologist in each center&#46; Microscopic evaluation for each nodule was conducted to characterize tumor biology including&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="l0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Background fibrosis and inflammation&#46; Confirmation of cirrhosis&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Number and diameters &#40;cm&#41; of HCC nodules&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Largest tumor size&#44; &#8220;major nodule&#8221;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Presence of microvascular invasion&#58; defined as tumor cell invasion of either vascular &#40;artery or vein&#41; or lymphatic vessels on standard H&#38;E stained slides&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Presence of neural invasion&#58; defined as tumor cell invasion of neural structures or nerves on standard H&#38;E stained slides&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nuclear grade&#58; assessed using the modified Edmonson Steiner system&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a></p></li></ul></p><p id="p0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">If a patient had previously known HCC and more nodules were found in the explanted liver analysis&#44; these nodules were not categorized as &#8220;incidental HCC&#8221;&#46;</p></span><span id="s0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0030">Statistical analysis</span><p id="p0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Comparison between iHCC and cHCC characteristics was performed using Fisher&#8217;s test for dichotomous variables &#40;expressed as frequencies&#41; and Mann Whitney-U test for continuous variables &#40;medians and interquartile range&#41;&#46; Univariate analysis&#44; using logistic regression was applied in order to identify significant variables related to recurrent HCC&#46; All HCC transplanted patients with at least 6 months follow up were included for the logistic regression analysis&#46; Those pathologic variables related with recurrent HCC on univariate analysis were included in order to develop a score to determine probability of recurrence after transplant&#46; All univariate variables with P values &#60; 0&#46;1 were considered for multivariate analysis&#59; models were generated by stepwise backward elimination&#44; using P values &#60; 0&#46;05 to remove variables not significantly associated with the outcome&#46; To assess the model&#8217;s goodness of fit and discriminatory power for patients presenting or not HCC recurrence&#44; an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve &#40;AUROC&#41; was generated&#46; Finally&#44; Kaplan Meier analysis for overall survival and recurrence free survival in cHCC and iHCC subgroups was calculated&#46; Data collected was stored in a database and analyzed by Stat View for Windows&#44; Abacus Concepts &#40;STATA version 10&#46;1&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="s0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0035">Results</span><p id="p0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 309 adult cirrhotic patients were consecutively transplanted during the study period&#46; All patients had an elective LT and underwent ultrasound HCC screening every six months in both centers&#46; Of these&#44; 54 patients had HCC &#40;17&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; 39 &#40;72&#37;&#41; cHCC and 15 &#40;28&#37;&#41; iHCC&#46; Four patients had false positive cHCC diagnosis &#40;n &#61; 2 regenerative nodules&#44; n &#61; 1 biliary hamarthoma and n &#61; 1 cholangiocarcinoma&#41; and were excluded from the final analysis&#46; Cumulative iHCC incidence was 4&#46;8&#37; &#40;n &#61; 15&#47;309&#41;&#46; Overall median patient survival was 68&#37; after a mean follow-up of 4&#46;5 years&#59; no differences in patient survival were found between iHCC and cHCC &#40;P &#61; 0&#46;45&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#f0005">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="f0005"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="s0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0040">Variables associated with HCC recurrence</span><p id="p0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Overall risk for recurrence was assessed after excluding 10 patients who died within 6 months of LT&#46; Of the 44 remaining patients &#40;iHCC n &#61; 11&#44; cHCC n &#61; 33&#41;&#44; recurrent HCC was diagnosed in 7&#44; with a cumulative incidence of 15&#46;9&#37; and a mean follow up of 4&#46;5 years &#40;3&#46;7-5&#46;2 years&#44; 95&#37; CI&#41;&#46; Overall recurrence free survival was 84&#46;1&#37; &#40;52&#46;6-93&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#46; Recurrence was diagnosed in 6 patients within 2 years of LT&#44; while the remaining patient recurred after 3&#46;6 years of follow-up &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#f0010">Figure 2</a>&#41;&#46; Among patients presenting recurrence&#44; progressive and endstage cancer disease was the cause of death in 5&#44; 1 patient died of sepsis and one patient with late HCC recurrence is still alive&#46; At the time of HCC recurrence&#44; metastases were diagnosed in 4 patients &#40;57&#37;&#41;&#46; Of the 7 recurring patients&#44; 4 &#40;57&#37;&#41; developed both hepatic and extrahepatic tumors with higher serum AFP levels &#40;mean 5&#44;368 ng&#47;mL&#41; and 3 &#40;42&#37;&#41; developed isolated extrahepatic lesions with lower serum AFP levels &#40;mean 1&#44;127 ng&#47;mL&#41;&#46; The most frequent metastatic location was bone in 71&#37; &#40;n &#61; 10&#41; of the cases&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="f0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="p0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Explanted liver pathology findings related to HCC recurrence included&#58; TTD &#62; 4 cm OR 10&#46;6 &#40;1&#46;14-98&#46;08&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;037&#41;&#59; &#62; 3 HCC lesions OR 16 &#40;2&#46;41-106&#46;05&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;04&#41;&#59; presence of microvascular invasion OR 17&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;78-178&#46;97&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;014&#41;&#59; nuclear grade &#62; II OR 9&#46;3 &#40;1&#46;17-74&#46;84&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;035&#41;&#59; presence of neural invasion OR 15&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;13-212&#46;17&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;04&#41; and not meeting Up-to 7 criteria OR 13&#46;1 &#40;1&#46;66-103&#46;67&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;015&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="s0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0045">HCC recurrence predicting score</span><p id="p0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Risk variables for recurrence are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#t0015">table 3</a>&#46; Based on a univariate regression analysis we developed a recurrence predicting score &#40;RPS&#41; using only pathology risk factors for recurrence&#46; Points were assigned to each variable and divided by 9 &#40;lowest OR of factors to simplify score calculation&#41;&#46; Scores of 2&#44; 1&#46;5 and 1 point corresponded to presence of microvascular invasion&#44; neural invasion and nuclear grade &#62; II&#44; respectively&#46; Not meeting Up-to 7 criteria was assigned 1&#46;5 points&#46; This generated a RPS ranging from 0 to 6 points and identified two distinct groups&#58; group A or low risk &#40;0-1 point&#41; with 6&#46;5&#37; cumulative risk for recurrent HCC &#40;n &#61; 2&#47;31&#41; and group B or intermediate-high &#40;n &#61; 5&#47;13&#41; risk group &#40;2-6 points&#41; with 14&#46;3 and 66&#46;7&#37; cumulative risk of recurrence&#44; respectively&#46; Only the low risk category remained an independent predictor of recurrence after a multivariate logistic regression analysis with OR 0&#46;11 &#40;0&#46;01-0&#46;67&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;017&#41; and ROC curve analysis predicting non-recurrence at 0&#46;75 &#40;0&#46;54-0&#46;96&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#t0020">Tables 4</a>-<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#t0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="s0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0050">Comparative analysis between incidentally found hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed prior to transplant</span><p id="p0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No significant differences were observed regarding patients age between iHCC and cHCC&#46; iHCC patients had higher Child Pugh &#40;P &#61; 0&#46;024&#41; and Meld scores at the time of transplant &#40;24 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 12&#46;4&#44; P &#60; 0&#46;0001&#41;&#46; On the other hand&#44; mean serum AFP levels were higher among patients with cHCC &#40;87&#46;6 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 12&#46;8 ng&#47;mL&#44; P &#61; 0&#46;019&#41;&#59; only 2 patients &#40;13&#46;3&#37;&#41; with iHCC had serum AFP &#62; 20 ng&#47;mL &#40;P &#61; 0&#46;075&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#t0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="t0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="p0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although not statistically significant&#44; cumulative recurrence was lower in iHCC patients &#40;7 and 15&#46;4&#37;&#44; P &#61; 0&#46;47&#41;&#46; Among explanted liver analysis&#44; we observed incidental tumors were smaller &#40;TTD &#8805; 4 cm 26&#46;7 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 53&#46;8&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;049&#41; with fewer nodules &#40;&#62; 3 lesions 13&#46;3&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 20&#46;5&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;54&#41; and 93&#46;3&#37; were within Up-to 7 criteria when compared to cHCC&#46; However&#44; iHCC and cHCC tumors had similar levels of microvascular &#40;26&#46;7 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 25&#46;6&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;74&#41; and neural invasion &#40;6&#46;6 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 5&#46;1&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;95&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#t0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; RPS identified 9&#47;13 iHCC &#40;69&#46;2&#37;&#41; and 20&#47;31 cHCC patients &#40;64&#46;5&#37;&#41; as low risk for R &#40;P &#61; 0&#46;13&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="t0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="t0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="t0020"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="t0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="s0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0055">Discussion</span><p id="p0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Incidental HCC remains an unresolved problem&#46; Before the study&#44; we believed these tumors might have presented lower recurrence rate as a result of less aggressive tumor biology&#46; However&#44; this was not the case as iHCC presented almost the same rate of microvascular invasion and higher nuclear Edmonson grade than cHCC&#46; Our data supports the notion that HCC monitoring should remain strict&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> and surveillance failure will uncover incidental tumors after LT&#46;</p><p id="p0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Incidence of iHCC in our cohort was 4&#46;8&#37;&#44; lower than that observed in previously reported series&#59;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8211;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> indicating a correct implementation of HCC surveillance in the pre-transplant setting in both LT units&#44; as all of the patients were screened using ultrasound every 6 months as recommended in clinical practice guidelines&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Castillo&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; reported only 9 and 38&#37; ultrasound screening for cHCC and iHCC patients&#44; respectively&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Sotiropoulus and co-workers proposed a new definition of iHCC&#46; These authors recommend using more detailed radiological evaluation &#40;CT or MRI&#41; and stricter time windows for imaging prior to LT to increase HCC detection&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> even though using CT or MRI scans is not recommended for routine patient monitoring&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="p0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since implementation of the MELD score began in Argentina &#40;July 2005&#41;&#44; an additional 22 points are allotted to HCC falling within Milan criteria&#46; Data from the Argentine National Registry for Organ Donation and Ablation &#40;INCUCAI&#41; indicate the median MELD score for LT patients in our country is 24&#46; HCC patients with 22 extra points undergo LT between 2 and 4 months after obtaining these additional points&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> We also observed that patients with iHCC had more advanced liver disease than cHCC patients at time of transplantation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><p id="p0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pathologic analysis of the explanted liver remains a key component for recurrence risk assessment&#46; Tumor differentiation or nuclear grade evaluated by Edmonson-Steiner grading&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> presence of microvascular and perineural invasion&#44; size and number of nodules are all classic risk factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Although presence of microvascular invasion is an accurate predictor of recurrence&#44; it does not ensure recurrence in itself&#46; Furthermore&#44; a combination or sum of risk factors seems to be necessary for recurrence to develop&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> In this sense&#44; Mazzaferro&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al&#46;</span> have proposed a model defined as Up-to 7 criteria in relation to number of tumors and major nodule diameter&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> Risk variables analyzed in our cohort included the Up-to 7 criteria&#44; microvascular invasion&#44; nuclear grade&#44; total tumor diameter and number of nodules&#44; which we then used to establish RPS&#44; and thus develop an accessible clinical tool for predicting recurrence&#46;</p><p id="p0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given the retrospective design of the study&#44; we were not able to include additional explanted liver variables in our study&#44; such as immunohistochemical biomarkers or different cancer pathways&#44; microsatellitosis or presence of giant or bizarre cells in &#62; 25&#37; of the tumor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> However&#44; these signs are not widely accepted as risk factors for HCC recurrence as Parfitt&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; proposed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Firstly&#44; there is no clear consensus on the definition of microsatellitosis&#44; defined as microscopic multifocality or a satellite nodule&#46; Additionally&#44; to the best of our knowledge&#44; presence of giant or bizarre cells &#62; 25&#37; of the tumor is not a clear risk factor for recurrence and probably has a wide range of interobserver agreement&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Finally&#44; those giant or bizarre cells are categorized as markedly anaplastic nuclei among the Edmonson Steiner grading system&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> Other authors proposed a different predicting recurrence score&#44; which includes explanted liver variables such as microvascular invasion&#44; major nodule diameter&#44; bilobar presentation and nuclear grade&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> Most of the explanted liver analysis in our study included conventional variables such as number and diameter of lesions&#44; microvascular invasion&#44; nuclear grade and Up-to-7 criteria&#46; The score proposed by Parfitt et al has been published earlier than that of Mazzaferro&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; &#40;Up-to-7 criteria&#41; and it has been assessed from only 1 liver transplant program among 75 patients&#46; The Up-to-7 criteria have been assessed from a retrospective multicenter explanted liver analysis of more than a thousand patients and it was published in the year 2009&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> In this sense&#44; we tried to analyze the Up-to-7 criteria in our cohort rather than additional and non-conventional risk factors because we considered that Mazzaferro&#8217;s score has been widely accepted&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="p0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Traditionally&#44; lower incidence of tumor recurrence and improved survival has been described in iHCC patients&#44; but conflicting reports have also been published&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> A low risk of recurrence may be attributable&#44; at least in part&#44; to more favorable tumor biology&#46; Reported prevalence of microvascular invasion for iHCC is 15&#37;&#44; which depending on the series is both lower<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> and higher<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> than rates published for cHCC&#46; Unexpectedly&#44; iHCC patients in this cohort had higher nuclear grade tumors &#40;26&#46;7 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs&#46;</span> 12&#46;8&#37;&#41; and a similar rate of microvascular invasion to cHCC &#40;26&#46;7 and 25&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#46; This observation raises concern about the real risk of recurrence among incidental tumors&#46; However&#44; after applying PRS&#44; we did not observe differences in numbers of patients with low or intermediate-high risk of recurrence between iHCC and cHCC&#46;</p><p id="p0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally&#44; the iHCC group showed a tendency towards better survival after transplant&#44; which cHCC patients in our cohort did not&#46; Castillo&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al&#46;</span> showed lower survival in the iHCC group&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Charco&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; showed no differences&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> while Sotiropoulus&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al&#46;</span> found discordant results in their meta-analysis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p><p id="p0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our findings do have some limitations&#46; Firstly&#44; the comparison between iHCC and cHCC is based on a retrospective analysis including a small number of patients&#46; Secondly&#44; the proposed scoring system&#44; albeit clinically relevant&#44; needs to be further validated in a larger prospective cohort of HCC patients&#46; Furthermore&#44; it would be of interest to analyze molecular cancer pathways as risk factors of recurrence in these patients&#46;</p><p id="p0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary&#44; our data suggests that recurrence may be lower in some patients with iHCC compared to cHCC patients&#46; We therefore propose applying a scoring system&#44; the RPS&#44; to better assess this risk&#46; Prospective surveillance studies including iHCC are needed to validate the RPS and to propose a cost-effective follow-up for HCC recurrence after LT&#46;</p></span><span id="s0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0060">Abbreviations</span><p id="p0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="l0010"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">AFP&#58;</span> alpha-fetoprotein &#40;AFP&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">cHCC&#58;</span> confirmed HCC diagnosed prior to transplant &#40;imaging criteria&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">CI&#58;</span> confidence interval&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">CNI&#58;</span> calcinurin inhibitors&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">CsA&#58;</span> cysclosporine A&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">CT&#58;</span> computerized tomography&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">HCC&#58;</span> hepatocellularcarcinoma&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0070"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">iHCC&#58;</span> incidentally found hepatocellular carcinoma&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0075"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">LT&#58;</span> liver transplantation&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0080"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">MELD&#58;</span> Model for End-stage Liver Disease&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0085"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">MMF&#58;</span> mophetilmicophenolate&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0090"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">MRI&#58;</span> magnetic resonance imaging&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0095"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">mTOR&#58;</span> mammalian target inhibitors&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0100"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">OR&#58;</span> Odds Ratio&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0105"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">PRS&#58;</span> predicting recurrence score&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0110"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">PVT&#58;</span> portal vein thrombosis&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0115"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Tac&#58;</span> tacrolimus&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0120"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">TTD&#58;</span> total tumor diameter&#46;</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="s0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0065">Acknowledgments</span><p id="p0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The manuscript is presented in memory of Dr&#46; Carlos Rowe &#40;R&#46;I&#46;P&#41;&#44; esteemed colleague and friend&#46; We thank Kathleen Dowd and C Podest&#225; for their assistance with editing this paper&#46;</p></span><span id="s0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0070">Authors Contribution</span><p id="p0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="l0015"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0125"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Federico Pi&#241;ero&#46;</span> Study concept-design&#44; acquisition of data&#44; analysis and interpretation of data&#44; drafting of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0130"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Manuel Mendizabal&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript and statistical analysis&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0135"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Paola Casciato&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0140"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Omar Galdame&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0145"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Rodolfo Quiros&#46;</span> Analysis and interpretation of data and statistical analysis&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0150"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0285" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Juan Bandi&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0155"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Eduardo Mullen&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0160"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0295" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Oscar Andriani&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0165"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0300" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Eduardo de Santiba&#241;es&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0170"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0305" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Luis G Podest&#225;&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0175"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0310" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Adrian Gadano&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="u0180"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="p0315" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Marcelo Silva&#46;</span> Critical revision of the manuscript&#46;</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="s0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="st0075">Funding-Conflict of Interests</span><p id="p0320" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public&#44; commercial&#44; or not-forprofit sectors&#46; All authors stated no conflict of interest regarding this manuscript&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
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          "identificador" => "xres1199002"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1117442"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
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        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "s0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
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        3 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "s0010"
          "titulo" => "Material and Methods"
          "secciones" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "s0015"
              "titulo" => "Pathology findings"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "s0020"
              "titulo" => "Statistical analysis"
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          ]
        ]
        4 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "s0025"
          "titulo" => "Results"
          "secciones" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "s0030"
              "titulo" => "Variables associated with HCC recurrence"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "s0035"
              "titulo" => "HCC recurrence predicting score"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "s0040"
              "titulo" => "Comparative analysis between incidentally found hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed prior to transplant"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "s0045"
          "titulo" => "Discussion"
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        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "s0050"
          "titulo" => "Abbreviations"
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        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "s0055"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
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          "identificador" => "s0060"
          "titulo" => "Authors Contribution"
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          "identificador" => "s0065"
          "titulo" => "Funding-Conflict of Interests"
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        10 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
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      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-09-07"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2013-12-12"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1117442"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Pathology"
            1 => "Liver Transplantation"
            2 => "Cancer"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
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    "resumen" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abs0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="sp0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Background&#46;</span> Incidental hepatocellular carcinoma &#40;iHCC&#41; generates uncertainty over risk of recurrence after liver transplantation &#40;LT&#41;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Aim&#46;</span> To compare recurrence between iHCC and confirmed HCC diagnosed prior to transplant based on imaging criteria &#40;cHCC&#41;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Material and methods&#46;</span> Fifty-four HCC patients were analyzed from a series of 309 consecutive adult transplanted patients&#46; We developed a recurrence predicting score &#40;RPS&#41; applying ORs based on pathologic risk variables&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#46;</span> Incidence of iHCC was 4&#46;8&#37; &#40;n &#61; 15&#41; and overall recurrence 12&#46;9&#37; &#40;cHCC 15&#46;4&#37; and iHCC 7&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;39&#41;&#46; Variables included in the RPS were&#58; microvascular invasion OR 17&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;78-178&#46;97&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;014&#58; 2 points&#41;&#44; neural invasion OR 15&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;13-212&#46;17&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;04&#58; 1&#46;5 points&#41;&#44; nuclear grade &#62; II OR 9&#46;3 &#40;1&#46;17-74&#46;84&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;035&#58; 1 point&#41;&#44; and beyond Up-to 7 criteria OR 13&#46;1 &#40;1&#46;66-103&#46;67&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;015&#58; 1&#46;5 points&#41;&#46; Two risk groups were identified&#58; low risk for recurrence &#40;0-1 point&#41; and intermediate-high risk groups &#40;2-6 points&#41;&#46; Low risk category remained an independent predictor of recurrence&#58; OR 0&#46;11 &#40;0&#46;01-0&#46;67&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;017&#41;&#59; AUROC of 0&#46;75 &#40;0&#46;54-0&#46;96&#41;&#46; A tendency towards more patients categorized as low risk group among iHCC patients was observed &#40;69&#46;2&#37;&#59; P &#61; 0&#46;13&#41;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#46;</span> In this series iHCC was not associated to lower risk of recurrence when compared to cHCC&#46; We propose application of an RPS as a clinical tool for recurrence risk estimation&#46;</p></span>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 650
            "Ancho" => 507
            "Tamanyo" => 26845
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="sp0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Kaplan Meier patient survival analysis&#46; Overall median patient survival was 68&#37; after a mean follow-up of 4&#46;5 years&#59; no differences in patient survival were found between previously known &#40;A&#41; and incidentally found &#40;B&#41; hepatocellular carcinoma &#40;P &#61; 0&#46;45&#41;&#46;</p>"
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      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "f0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="sp0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Kaplan Meier recurrence free survival analysis&#46; Overall risk for recurrence was assessed after excluding 10 patients who died within 6 months of LT&#46; Of the 44 remaining patients &#40;iHCC n &#61; 11&#44; HCC n &#61; 33&#41;&#44; recurrent HCC was diagnosed in 7&#44; with a cumulative incidence of 15&#46;9&#37;&#44; after a mean follow up of 4&#46;5 years&#46; Although not statistically significant&#44; cumulative recurrence was lower in iHCC patients &#40;7&#37; and 15&#46;4&#37;&#44; P &#61; 0&#46;47&#41;&#46; Overall recurrence free survival was 84&#46;1&#37; &#40;52&#46;6-93&#46;6&#37;&#44;&#41;&#46;</p>"
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      ]
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        "identificador" => "t0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="np0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Normal values&#58; Alpha-fetoprotein 0&#46;6-4&#46;4 ng&#47;mL&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">iHCC &#40;n &#61; 15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">cHCC &#40;n &#61; 39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age &#40;yr&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">64 &#40;29-72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">61 &#40;24-69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Male gender&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;66&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">32 &#40;82&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DM&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;13&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;25&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">WLT &#40;months&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;1 &#40;0&#46;1-32&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;6 &#40;0&#46;1-61&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MELD<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;9-41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;4-30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60; 0&#46;0001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Child Pugh A&#47;B&#47;C&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#46;0&#41; &#47; 4 &#40;26&#46;7&#41;&#47;11 &#40;73&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;25&#46;6&#41;&#47; 17 &#40;43&#46;6&#41;&#47;12 &#40;30&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;024&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">HCV&#43;&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;33&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20 &#40;51&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">HBV&#43;&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;20&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Non-survivors&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="np0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Only explanted liver variables&#46; Dichotomous variables are shown as percentage&#46; TTD&#58; total tumor diameter &#40;sum of diameters of all HCC nodules&#41;&#46; Up-to7&#58; sum of number of all HCC nodules &#43; diameter of biggest HCC nodule&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#62; 3 lesions&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Microvascular invasion&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;26&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;12&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Neural invasion&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;6&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;5&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Up-to 7 in&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;93&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35 &#40;89&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;68&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="sp0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Explanted liver pathologic analysis&#46;</p>"
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      4 => array:7 [
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          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Recurrence n &#61; 7 &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">No recurrence n &#61; 37 &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">OR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Age &#40;yr&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">59&#46;5 &#40;45-67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">62 &#40;43-69&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;00 &#40;0&#46;92-1&#46;08&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Male gender&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;17&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">29 &#40;82&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;65 &#40;0&#46;17-15&#46;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;66&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DM&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;27&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;72&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;71 &#40;0&#46;50-14&#46;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MELD&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;8-30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;4-31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;01 &#40;0&#46;92-1&#46;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hepatitis B virus&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;26-57&#46;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;028&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hepatitis C virus&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;90&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;42 &#40;0&#46;07-2&#46;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">HIV&#43;&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;50&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;0&#46;33-109&#46;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">iHCC&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;9&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;90&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;45 &#40;0&#46;04-4&#46;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">AFP &#62; 20 ng&#47;mL&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;28&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;71&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;6 &#40;0&#46;68-19&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">AFP &#62; 200 ng&#47;mL&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;4 &#40;0&#46;87-2&#46;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;022&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Treatment on WL&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;22&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">17 &#40;77&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;34 &#40;0&#46;05-1&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Milan in&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Nuclear grade &#62; II&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;13-212&#46;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;07 &#40;0&#46;01-0&#46;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Microvascular invasion<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">17&#46;85 &#40;1&#46;78-178&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;5 &#61; present&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">OR &#40;95&#37; CI&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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ISSN: 16652681
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