Letters to the editor
Non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using an algorithm combining clinical indexes and ultrasonographic measures
Monica C. Preciado-Pugaa, Yeniley Ruiz-Noab, Juana R. Garcia-Ramirezc, Benjamin Jordan-Perezd, Serafin Garnelo-Cabañasd, Maria L. Lazo de la Vega-Monroyb, Karen I. Gutierrez-Aguirrea, Lorena R. Ibarra-Reynosob,
Corresponding author
a Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Campus, Boulevard Puente del Milenio 1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico
b Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Campus, 20 de enero #929, Colonia Obregon, CP 37320, Leon, Gto, Mexico
c Department of Pathology, General Hospital Leon, Boulevard Puente Milenio 1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico
d Department of Surgery, General Hospital Leon, Boulevard Puente Milenio1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico
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Preciado-Puga, Yeniley Ruiz-Noa, Juana R. Garcia-Ramirez, Benjamin Jordan-Perez, Serafin Garnelo-Cabañas, Maria L. Lazo de la Vega-Monroy, Karen I. Gutierrez-Aguirre, Lorena R. Ibarra-Reynoso" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Monica C." "apellidos" => "Preciado-Puga" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Yeniley" "apellidos" => "Ruiz-Noa" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Juana R." "apellidos" => "Garcia-Ramirez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Benjamin" "apellidos" => "Jordan-Perez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Serafin" "apellidos" => "Garnelo-Cabañas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Maria L." "apellidos" => "Lazo de la Vega-Monroy" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Karen I." "apellidos" => "Gutierrez-Aguirre" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 7 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Lorena R." "apellidos" => "Ibarra-Reynoso" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rey221280@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Campus, Boulevard Puente del Milenio 1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Campus, 20 de enero #929, Colonia Obregon, CP 37320, Leon, Gto, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Pathology, General Hospital Leon, Boulevard Puente Milenio 1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Surgery, General Hospital Leon, Boulevard Puente Milenio1001, Colonia Predio San Carlos, CP 37672, Leon, Gto, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We are thankful for the kind suggestion regarding the association of BMI and NAFLD. The pathophysiology of NAFLD and its progression is induced by multiple factors, including both genetic and environmental factors, which interact individually. Obesity seems to play a role in NAFLD, because if the capacity of adipose tissue to store excess energy is diminished, hepatocytes store the extra lipids, mainly in the form of triglycerides [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">1</a>]. Because of this, most of the clinical indices that have been proposed for the evaluation of NAFLD use both biochemical and clinical parameters, among which adiposity measures are found. Such is the case of the indices that we tested in our research, where the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) includes the BMI in its formula [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">2</a>], and the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is an algorithm that includes waist circumference [<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">3</a>].</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Therefore, we consider that adiposity has been considered in an integral way in our results. However, considering the proposed observation, we carried out a regression analysis adjusting by BMI, which does not change the factors associated with the index of NAFLD activity (adjusted R<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> = 0.075 and p-value = 0.004). This further analysis supports our results and confirms that the clinical measurements evaluated are a good predictor of NAFLD.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "[1]" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The multiple-hit pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "E. Buzzetti" 1 => "M. Pinzani" 2 => "E.A. Tsochatzis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.metabol.2015.12.012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Metabolism" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "65" "paginaInicial" => "1038" "paginaFinal" => "1048" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26823198" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "[2]" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The Fatty Liver Index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis in the general population" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G. Bedogni" 1 => "S. Bellentani" 2 => "L. Miglioli" 3 => "F. Masutti" 4 => "M. Passalacqua" 5 => "A. Castiglione" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1471-230X-6-33" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Gastroenterol" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "6" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "33" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17081293" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "[3]" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A simple index of lipid overaccumulation is a good marker of liver steatosis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "G. Bedogni" 1 => "H.S. Kahn" 2 => "S. Bellentani" 3 => "C. Tiribelli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Gastroenterol" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "10" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack548178" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" "texto" => "<p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This work was supported by <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs0005">Secretaría de Innovación, Ciencia y Educación Superior del Estado de Guanajuato</span> (Investigadores Jovenes: <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0005">SICES/CONV/101/2017</span>, and <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0005">SICES/CONV/243/2019</span>).</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/16652681/000000220000000C/v3_202107300613/S166526812100034X/v3_202107300613/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "82754" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/16652681/000000220000000C/v3_202107300613/S166526812100034X/v3_202107300613/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S166526812100034X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
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