25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency as a factor associated with the development of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Mexican population.
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Ochoa-Cervantes, Luis A. Torres-Reyes, Arturo Panduro, Sonia Roman, Karina Gonzalez-Aldaco" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Andrea Y." "apellidos" => "Ochoa-Cervantes" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luis A." "apellidos" => "Torres-Reyes" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Arturo" "apellidos" => "Panduro" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sonia" "apellidos" => "Roman" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Karina" "apellidos" => "Gonzalez-Aldaco" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S166526812400187X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/16652681/00000029000000S2/v2_202404250742/S166526812400187X/v2_202404250742/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency as a factor associated with the development of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Mexican population." "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Paloma Diego-Salazar, Diego Abendaño-Rivera, Daniel Santana-Vargas, Viridiana López-Ladrón-de-Guevara, José Luis Perez-Hernández, Fátima Higuera-de-la-Tijera" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Paloma" "apellidos" => "Diego-Salazar" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Diego" "apellidos" => "Abendaño-Rivera" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Daniel" "apellidos" => "Santana-Vargas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Viridiana" "apellidos" => "López-Ladrón-de-Guevara" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José Luis" "apellidos" => "Perez-Hernández" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Fátima" "apellidos" => "Higuera-de-la-Tijera" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital of México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City" "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Research Department, General Hospital of México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City" "etiqueta" => "2" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="para0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Ethical statement</span></p><p id="para0006" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The protocol was registered and approved by the Ethics Committee. The identity of the patients is protected. Consentment was obtained.</p><p id="para0007" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Declaration of interests</span></p><p id="para0008" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None</p><p id="para0009" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Funding</span></p><p id="para0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia></p><p id="para0011" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Figure 1.</span> Percentage of patients with 25-OHD deficiency and HE</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:2 [ "resumen" => "<span id="abss0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0001">Introduction and Objectives</span><p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication in patients with Chronic Liver Disease (CLD), and the development of this decompensation is multifactorial, including ammonia levels, inflammatory status, and sepsis, among others. A poorly studied factor in our population is the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), which could act as a co-factor in HE. To assess if serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency acts as a cofactor in the development of HE.</p></span> <span id="abss0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0002">Materials and Patients</span><p id="spara002" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Observational, retrospective, analytical, case-control study; included subjects of both sexes, 18 years old and over, diagnosed with Chronic Liver Disease of different etiologies. Complete blood count, liver and kidney function, serum electrolytes, coagulation profile, and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were recorded. They were evaluated using the West-Haven Criteria (WH).</p></span> <span id="abss0003" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0003">Results</span><p id="spara003" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Independent samples T-test was used to compare differences between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with and without HE. The association between 25-OHD deficiency and HE was assessed using a chi-square test, with a significance level set at alpha=0.05. Out of a total of 96 patients, 36.5% had HE. The mean 25-OHD level in the HE group was 18.78 ± 8.56, compared to 22.77 ± 9.94 in the group without HE. The T-test was significant: T (1=2.072), p =0.041. Among patients with deficiency, 20/35 (57.1%) had EH, while 22/61 (36.1%) did not have HE. The chi-square test for the association between deficiency and HE was positive, with a value of (1)=4.015, p =0.045.</p></span> <span id="abss0004" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0004">Conclusions</span><p id="spara004" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency and the development of HE cannot be attributed, as this is multifactorial. However, 25-OHD deficiency is common in patients with Chronic liver disease, and our study demonstrates that this deficiency acts as a cofactor, as there is a significant difference between the groups. It is necessary to validate these findings in the future through multivariate analysis to confirm our results.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0001" "titulo" => "Introduction and Objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0002" "titulo" => "Materials and Patients" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0003" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0004" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:6 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 979 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 68345 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0001" "detalle" => "Unlabelled imag" "rol" => "short" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/16652681/00000029000000S2/v2_202404250742/S1665268124001881/v2_202404250742/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => null "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/16652681/00000029000000S2/v2_202404250742/S1665268124001881/v2_202404250742/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1665268124001881?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
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| 2024 November | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2024 October | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 2024 September | 7 | 18 | 25 |
| 2024 August | 12 | 24 | 36 |
| 2024 July | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2024 June | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2024 May | 25 | 8 | 33 |
| 2024 April | 23 | 15 | 38 |
| 2024 March | 15 | 9 | 24 |
