Comment on: “Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a university's population in Santiago, Chile”

Fau, C.; Nabzo, S.; Nasabun, V.

doi:10.1016/j.oftale.2020.05.035

array:24 ["pii" => "S2173579420302073" "issn" => "21735794" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftale.2020.05.035" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-12-01" "aid" => "1784" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Oftalmología" "copyrightAnyo" => "2020" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:619-20" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0365669120303026" "issn" => "03656691" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftal.2020.05.045" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-12-01" "aid" => "1784" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Oftalmología" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:619-20" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Carta al Director" "titulo" => "Comentario al artículo: «Prevalencia de Demodex spp. en pestañas de una población universitaria en Santiago, Chile»" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "619" "paginaFinal" => "620" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Comment on: «Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a universitýs population in Santiago, Chile»" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Fau, S. Nabzo, V. Nasabun" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Fau" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Nabzo" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Nasabun" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173579420302073" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftale.2020.05.035" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579420302073?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0365669120303026?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/03656691/0000009500000012/v2_202108170641/S0365669120303026/v2_202108170641/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S2173579420302103" "issn" => "21735794" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftale.2020.06.017" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-12-01" "aid" => "1785" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:620-1" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "Response to comment on: “Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a university’s population in Santiago, Chile”" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "620" "paginaFinal" => "621" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Respuesta al comentario sobre el artículo:«Prevalencia de Demodex spp. en pestañas de una población universitaria en Santiago, Chile»" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Correa Fontt, M. Mena Oliva, C. Pérez Campos, C. Alburquenque Ossandón" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Correa Fontt" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Mena Oliva" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Pérez Campos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Alburquenque Ossandón" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0365669120303038" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftal.2020.06.025" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0365669120303038?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579420302103?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735794/0000009500000012/v1_202012200623/S2173579420302103/v1_202012200623/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173579420300566" "issn" => "21735794" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftale.2020.02.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-12-01" "aid" => "1647" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Oftalmología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:615-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Short communication" "titulo" => "Retinal vein occlusion in solid organ transplant recipients. Study of 4 cases and literature review" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "615" "paginaFinal" => "618" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Obstrucción venosa retiniana en receptores de trasplante de órgano sólido. Estudio de 4 casos y revisión de la literatura" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1247 "Ancho" => 2347 "Tamanyo" => 459909 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Evolution of macular edema in 4 RVO patients with transplant. Retinal thickness (μm), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography at baseline (left) and after one year of treatment (right)." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Cerveró, P. González Bores, A. Casado, M.D. Ruiz Sancho, J.L. Hernández Hernández, J.J. Napal Lecumberri" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Cerveró" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "González Bores" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Casado" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.D." "apellidos" => "Ruiz Sancho" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.L." "apellidos" => "Hernández Hernández" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Napal Lecumberri" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0365669120300708" "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftal.2020.02.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0365669120300708?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579420300566?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735794/0000009500000012/v1_202012200623/S2173579420300566/v1_202012200623/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Letter to the Editor" "titulo" => "Comment on: “Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a university's population in Santiago, Chile”" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Sir," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "619" "paginaFinal" => "620" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Fau, S. Nabzo, V. Nasabun" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Fau" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "chfauf@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Nabzo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Nasabun" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Fundación Oftalmológica 2020, Iberoamerican Cochrane Network, Santiago, Chile" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Comentario al artículo: «Prevalencia de Demodex spp. en pestañas de una población universitaria en Santiago, Chile»" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "In the April 2020 edition of this Journal, Correa Fontt et al. published the article: “Prevalence of Demodex spp. in tabs of a university population in Santiago, Chile”.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">1</a> The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of Demodex in a population of university students. We have read and critically analyzed said article proceed to present some comments, which will allow us to read more adequately the results of this study and to value them in their right measure.The first thing that caught our attention in the article was the fact that in the title and summary the word prevalence is used, but then in the objectives this is replaced by the word presence and said term is no longer used in the rest of the article. The second comment is in relation to the methodology, in which we also found a problem: both the title and the methodology section present a sample of volunteers from a university campus. Due to the fact that participants are volunteers as opposed to being selected, the real reasons that lead a person to volunteer for a study without having been selected are not clear. This tends to bias the data and generate a problem with the representative quality of the sample.To establish the prevalence of a variable in research, it is required to selectall members of a population and evaluate them. If this is not possible mainly for reasons of cost and time (effectiveness), the option is to select a sample as representative of the population. Therefore, if this process is correct a result very similar to that of the total population is obtained, endowing the study with internal validity and the principle of representation of the results. In addition, for the results to have any value, it is necessary that they can be generalized from the sample to the population under study or to similar populations elsewhere. However, if the results cannot be generalized, they can only be applied to the sample and no one else.The success of a project depends on the way in which the sample of people participating in the study is selected. In this case, a non-probabilistic sampling, called convenience sampling, was used because it is convenient and economical in addition to having a captive sample available. However, the representative quality is very doubtful since it is not randomized, which gives rise to a serious sampling error. The author states in his study: “the University Huechuraba campus has a population of 5,147 students and 478 officials and professors, making a total of 5,625 people”. Accordingly, 200 volunteers is equivalent to 3.6% of the total population, which is a very low sampling fraction. Therefore, the way to avoid a sampling error with a reduced sample is to ensure a very good sampling technique to sustain the representative quality of the population. In this case, when deaggregating the information, the sample does not claim to contain teachers, only students and officials. In fact, 162 were students which amounted to 3.2% of the student population, and 38 civil servants which were 8% of the population of civil servants and teachers. This involves a bias of representation of teachers which were not considered in the sample, and in the case of civil servants these are over-represented and students are then under-represented. This was due to a serious sampling error, which was not to establish a sample size calculation for the study by clearly determining the necessary percentages of participants from each of the 3 groups, in addition to not using a random sampling technique, in order to obtain a representative sample of the population, in this case a simple randomised or stratified randomised sampling could be used.Finally, the authors in the statistical analysis, could have partially rectified this error by describing the results in a stratified manner, which they did not do. In addition, they carried out a statistical Mann-Whitney test obtaining a value of p=0.04, but they completely forgot that each statistical analysis test must fulfill some assumptions, and in the case of this test the first assumption is: “the two samples, with sizes n and m respectively, that are used for the analysis have been extracted independently and randomly from their respective populations”,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">2</a> an assumption that in this case is not fulfilled.Unfortunately, this study is an example of how sampling errors, lack of calculation of sample size and lack of knowledge about the statistical test being used excludes any validity of the study because it is not a representative analysis of the university campus that was used, nor can its results be applied to other campuses or other universities.In conclusion, given that the study presents multiple methodological errors, the results should be interpreted as coming from a study with serious validity problems.FundingThe authors declare that they have not received any funding for this work." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Fau C, Nabzo S, Nasabun V. Comentario al artículo: «Prevalencia de Demodex spp. en pestañas de una población universitaria en Santiago, Chile». Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:619–620." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a university’s population in Santiago, Chile" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Correa Fontt" 1 => "M. Mena Oliva" 2 => "C. Pérez Campos" 3 => "C. Alburquenque Ossandón" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.oftal.2020.01.008" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "95" "paginaInicial" => "159" "paginaFinal" => "163" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32067802" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Wayne DW. Bioestadística. 4.ª ed, capítulo 13, Estadística no paramétrica y de libre distribución. p. 678." ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735794/0000009500000012/v1_202012200623/S2173579420302073/v1_202012200623/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "5813" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735794/0000009500000012/v1_202012200623/S2173579420302073/v1_202012200623/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579420302073?idApp=UINPBA00004N"]

ISSN: 2173-5794
e-ISSN: 1989-7286

Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología is the official journal of the Ophthalmology Society of Spain, that has over 4,000 members. It gives priority to the publication of basic, translational and clinic research including reviews, original articles, short communications, editorials, letters to the editor and clinic practice guides related to Ophthalmology and its subspecialties. A small section of the journal is reserved for the most relevant papers presented at the annual Congress of the Society. All manuscripts considered for publication are reviewed by expert examiner peers (double blind). The journal is published monthly and even though its official language is Spanish all articles are translated into English to increase the dissemination of scientific information. At present, Archivos is the only Spanish language Ophthalmology journal indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE in addition to other prestigious international databases such as Scopus.

See more Open Access Option

Indexed in:

PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, EMBASE, IBECS, IME, SCIELO, BIOSIS, SENIOR, COMPLUDOC

Subscribe:

Citescore

CiteScore measures average citations received per document published.

Citescore 2023

1.2

SJR

SRJ is a prestige metric based on the idea that not all citations are the same. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and qualitative measure of the journal's impact.

SJR 2023

0.247

SNIP

SNIP measures contextual citation impact by wighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field.

SNIP 2023

0.263

View more metrics

Journal Information

Previous article | Next article

Vol. 95. Issue 12.