Letter to the Editor
Optic neuritis, syphilis and HIV
Neuritis óptica, sífilis y VIH
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Daungsupawong, V. Wiwanitkit" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "H." "apellidos" => "Daungsupawong" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "hinpethcdaung@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Wiwanitkit" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Private Academic and Editorial Consultant, Phonhong, Laos" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "University Centre for Research & Development Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Corresponding author</span>." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Neuritis óptica, sífilis y VIH" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We would like to share ideas on “Optic neuritis secondary to syphilis.”<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In this case report, a 62-year-old male patient presented with decreased vision and myodesopsias in his right eye, along with posterior segment abnormalities including a hyperemic nerve with peripapillary hemorrhages and retinal pigment epithelium hyperplasia. The patient had recently been diagnosed with HIV, and serology for syphilis was positive, indicating a possible co-infection. Optic neuritis is a rare manifestation of syphilis, highlighting the importance of considering neurosyphilis as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with visual symptoms, especially in those with underlying immunocompromised conditions such as HIV.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One potential confounder in this case is the patient's recent HIV diagnosis, as co-infections can complicate the clinical presentation and management of syphilis. HIV-positive individuals are at higher risk for neurosyphilis, as the virus can weaken the immune system and lead to atypical manifestations of infectious diseases. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of potential interactions between HIV and syphilis, as well as other co-infections, in order to provide appropriate treatment and monitoring for patients with complex medical histories.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Differential diagnoses for optic neuritis in the context of syphilis may include other infectious or inflammatory conditions affecting the optic nerve, such as multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, or tuberculosis. The clinical presentation of optic neuritis can vary widely, and a thorough evaluation is necessary to rule out other potential causes of visual symptoms. In this case, the positive serology for syphilis and the patient's immunocompromised status with HIV infection were important factors guiding the diagnosis and treatment plan.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ultimately, this case emphasizes how crucial it is to rule out syphilis as a possible cause of optic neuritis, particularly in individuals who have underlying medical disorders that could raise their risk of infection or complicate their clinical presentation. A complete approach to diagnosing and treating individuals with optic nerve involvement is necessary since co-infections, like HIV in this instance, can be confounding factors in the diagnosis and treatment of problems connected to syphilis.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Declaration of authorship</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hineptch Daungsupawong: 50% ideas, writing, analyzing, approval.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Viroj Wiwanitkit: 50% ideas, supervision, approval.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Declaration of authorship" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 3 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Optic neuritis secondary to syphilis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "T.G. Irasema" 1 => "M.C. Atilano Anzaldo" 2 => "K.P. Delgado Moreno" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)" "fecha" => "2024" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0165037812000307" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "01650378" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735794/0000009900000007/v1_202407021838/S2173579424000902/v1_202407021838/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "5813" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735794/0000009900000007/v1_202407021838/S2173579424000902/v1_202407021838/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173579424000902?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
