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Resumen
El cáncer de vesícula biliar es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente del tracto biliar. Pese a los recientes avances en las técnicas de diagnóstico por imagen se detecta usualmente en estadios avanzados debido a la falta de síntomas y signos específicos de presentación, por lo que se ha asociado clásicamente a un pésimo pronóstico. La supervivencia global a 5 años en las series más numerosas está por debajo del 5%, y la mediana de supervivencia es de menos de 6 meses. No obstante, el papel de la cirugía radical se está definiendo de forma más clara recientemente. Es esencial para el cirujano comprender la historia natural, biología, estadificación y el tratamiento quirúrgico actual de estos tumores, de forma que puedan tomarse las decisiones adecuadas en el momento del diagnóstico inicial, en especial por la alta posibilidad que existe de que estas lesiones puedan encontrarse de forma incidental en el momento de una colecistectomía o en el análisis histológico posterior
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de vesícula biliar
Colecistectomía radical extendida
Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most common biliary tract carcinoma. Even with the recent advances in hepatobiliary imaging techniques, gallbladder carcinoma is usually detected at an advanced stage because of the lack of specific symptoms and signs, leading to a very poor prognostic. The five-year survival in most large series is lesser than 5%, and median survival is lesser than 6 months. Nevertheless, the role of radical surgery is becoming more clearly defined. It is critical for the surgeon to understand the natural history, biology, staging and current surgical treatment of this tumour, so that appropriate decisions are made at the time of the initial diagnosis, especially given the high chance of these lesions being found incidentally at the time of cholecystectomy or just in the postoperative histopathologic exam
Key words:
Gallbladder carcinoma
Radical extended cholecystectomy
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