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Inicio Cirugía Española Cáncer de muñón gástrico: resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico
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Vol. 70. Issue 1.
Pages 16-21 (July 2001)
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Vol. 70. Issue 1.
Pages 16-21 (July 2001)
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Cáncer de muñón gástrico: resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico
Gastric stump cancer: Results of surgical treatment
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A. Díaz de Liaño1, F. Oteiza, M.A. Ciga, F. Cobo, M. Aizcorbe, R. Trujillo, N. Moras
Servicios de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Virgen del Camino. Pamplona
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Resumen
Introducción

El pronóstico de cáncer de muñón gástrico, en general, es peor que el de cáncer gástrico primario.

Métodos

Un total de 33 pacientes con cáncer de muñón tratados en nuestro servicio desde 1984 a 1999, 31 varones y 2 mujeres, con una edad media de 69,6 años. La primera intervención fue por úlcera gástrica en 14 casos, y duodenal o pilórica en 19. Presentaban gastrectomía Billroth II 22 pacientes y Billroth I 11 pacientes. El intervalo medio entre la primera operación y el diagnóstico del tumor fue de 30,6 años.

Resultados

Fueron operados 27 pacientes; el índice de resecabilidad fue del 66,6%. Se realizaron 16 gastrectomías totales, 6 de ellas ampliadas y 2 casi totales.

Predominó el adenocarcinoma tipo intestinal (22 casos); 4 pacientes presentaban tumores precoces (early) y en 13 (72,2%) existía afección de la serosa (pT3-pT4).

La supervivencia actuarial global a los 5 años es del 22%, un 41,4% en los pacientes resecados (p < 0,001). Fue significativa la supervivencia de los casos resecados según el tamaño del tumor (p < 0,05).

Conclusiones

En los pacientes gastrectomizados parece aconsejable el control endoscópico a partir de los 15 años para mejorar la resecabilidad y la supervivencia mediante un diagnóstico más precoz.

La supervivencia obtenida en los casos tratados con gastrectomía total justifica este tratamiento quirúrgico agresivo.

Hubo diferencias significativas en la supervivencia según el tamaño del tumor.

Palabras clave:
Cancer de muñón gástrico
Gastrectomía
Introduction

The prognosis for gastric stump cancer is generally considered to be worse than that for primary gastric cancer.

Methods

We studied 33 patients (31 men and 2 women; mean age: 69.6 years) treated in our department between 1984 and 1999. Primary intervention was for gastric ulcer in 14 patients and for duodenal or pyloric ulcer in 19.Twenty-two patients underwent Billroth II gastrectomy and 11 underwent Billroth I. The mean interval between the first operation and diagnosis of the tumor was 30.6 years.

Results

Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery. The resectability rate was 66.6%. Sixteen total gastrectomies were performed of which six were widened. Two subtotal gastrectomies were performed, which were also widened. The most frequent type of adenocarcinoma was intestinal (22 patients). Four patients presented early tumors and 13 (72.2%) showed serous involvement (pT3-PT4). Overall actuarial survival at 5 years was 22% and was 41.4% in resected patients (p < 0.001). In resected patients survival according to tumoral size was significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Periodic endoscopic surveillance of gastrectomized patients starting 15 years after the initial operation would lead to earlier diagnosis and would improve the resectability rate and survival. The survival rates obtained in patients undergoing total gastrectomy justified the use of this aggressive surgical treatment. Tumoral size was significantly associated with survival.

Key words:
Gastric stump cancer
Gastrectomy
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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