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Vol. 74. Issue 6.
Pages 340-346 (December 2003)
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Vol. 74. Issue 6.
Pages 340-346 (December 2003)
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Trasplante hepático de donante vivo en adultos. ¿Pueden influir los cambios del flujo portal en la función hepática postoperatoria?
Living donor liver transplantation in adults. Can changes in portal flow influence postoperative liver function?
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Juan Carlos García-Valdecasasa,1
Corresponding author
jcvalde@medicina.ub.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J.C. García-Valdecasas. Sección de Cirugía Hepática y Trasplante. Hospital Clínico. Universidad de Barcelona. C/ Villarroel, 170. 08036 Barcelona. España.
, José Fustera, Ramón Charcoa, Ernest Bombuya, Constantino Fondevilaa, Joana Ferrera, Ángeles García-Criadob, Carmen Ayusob, Gonzalo Rodríguez-Laiza, M. Auxiliadora Amadora, Pilar Taurac
a Sección de Cirugía Hepática y Trasplante. Instituto de Enfermedades Digestivas. Hospital Clínico. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona.
b Centro de Diagnóstico por la Imagen. Hospital Clínico. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona.
c Servicio de Anestesiología. Hospital Clínico. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona. España.
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Article information
Resumen
Introducción

En el trasplante hepático de donante vivo en adultos, utilizar injertos de pequeño tamaño en pacientes cirróticos con hipertensión portal grave puede tener consecuencias impredecibles. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar, de forma prospectiva, la influencia de los cambios hemodinámicos sobre la función hepática postoperatoria y sobre el incremento del volumen hepático en el marco del trasplante hepático de donante vivo.

Material y método

En los 3 últimos años se realizaron 30 trasplantes hepáticos de donante vivo. Se determinó el flujo portal derecho y el de la arteria hepática derecha en el donante y, una hora después de la reperfusión, en el receptor. La función hepática postoperatoria se controló con la determinación diaria de los parámetros bioquímicos. El incremento del volumen hepático se evaluó mediante volumetría por resonancia magnética realizada a los 2 meses del trasplante. Se correlacionaron los flujos vasculares con la función hepática postoperatoria y el incremento de volumen del injerto hepático.

Resultados

Existió en todos los casos un aumento importante del flujo portal en los receptores, comparado con el de los donantes (hasta el quíntuplo en casos seleccionados). Los mayores incrementos del flujo portal se correlacionaron significativamente con una precoz normalización de la actividad de la protrombina.

Conclusión

El incremento en el flujo sanguíneo del injerto es tolerado correctamente por la masa hepática sin afectar a la función hepática postoperatoria, siempre que se mantenga una adecuada relación entre el peso del injerto y el del receptor (> 0,8) y se consiga un adecuado drenaje venoso.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante hepático donante vivo
Flujo portal
Hemodinámica hepática
Introduction

In living donor liver transplantation in adults, the effects of small grafts in cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension can be unpredictable. The aim of the present article was to prospectively evaluate the influence of hemodynamic changes on postoperative liver function and on the increase in hepatic volume in living donor liver transplantation.

Material and method

From March 2000 to December 2002, 30 living donor transplantations were performed. Right portal flow and right hepatic artery flow in donors were determined in the donor and subsequently in the recipient one hour after reperfusion. Postoperative liver function was monitored through daily determination of biochemical parameters. Increase in liver volume was evaluated through magnetic resonance imaging volumetry 2 months after transplantation. The relationship between vascular flow and postoperative liver function and increase in graft volume was assessed.

Results

An important increase in portal flow was found in all recipients compared with donors (up to 5-fold in selected cases). Greater increases in portal flow were significantly correlated with early normalization of prothrombin activity.

Conclusion

The increase in graft blood flow is sufficiently tolerated by the hepatic mass without affecting postoperative liver function, so long as an appropriate ratio between graft weight and recipient body weight (> 0.8) is maintained and adequate venous drainage is achieved.

Key words:
Living donor liver transplantation
Portal flow
Hepatic hemodynamics
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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