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Vol. 88. Issue 5.
Pages 308-313 (November 2010)
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Vol. 88. Issue 5.
Pages 308-313 (November 2010)
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Clinical results of loop ileostomy closures in rectal cancer surgical patients. Effect of chemotherapy in the waiting period
Resultados clínicos del cierre de ileostomías en asa en pacientes intervenidos de cáncer de recto. Efecto de la quimioterapia en el tiempo de espera
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Ricardo Courtier
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, David Parés, Claudio Andrés Silva, Maria José Gil, Marta Pascual, Sandra Alonso, Miguel Pera, Luis Grande
Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

The introduction of sphincter preservation surgery in rectal cancer has led to an increase in the number of low resections protected with a loop ileostomy. This requires subsequent closure of the stoma, a surgical procedure which is not devoid of morbidity or mortality. The aims of the study were to analyse the clinical results of the passage reconstruction surgery and to find out the interval between both surgeries, as well as the role chemotherapy plays in this.

Patients and method

The prospective data of patients previously operated on for rectal cancer were used retrospectively with those whose ileostomy was closed between May 2004 and September 2008. Data associated to chemotherapy indication, interval between surgeries and complications were collected and analysed.

Results

A total of 54 consecutive patients with a mean age of 66 years were analysed. The mean interval between surgeries was 178 days, being significantly less in the patient group that did not receive chemotherapy (P=.008). The post-operative stay was 6.3 days (SD=4.1). Mortality due to respiratory failure was 1.8% and the morbidity was 22.2%, with 7.4% requiring further surgery.

Conclusions

The mortality and morbidity of ileostomy closures are not inconsiderable, although its advantages in the protection of the stoma justify its use. The ileostomy construction interval appears to be significantly affected by post-operative chemotherapy.

Keywords:
Loop ileostomies
Morbidity
Mortality
Ileostomy closure
Resumen
Introducción

La implantación de la cirugía de preservación esfinteriana en el cáncer de recto ha hecho incrementar el número de resecciones bajas protegidas con una ileostomía en asa. Esto obliga a un posterior cierre del estoma mediante un acto quirúrgico no desprovisto de morbilidad ni mortalidad. Los objetivos del estudio fueron analizar los resultados clínicos de la cirugía de reconstrucción del tránsito y conocer el intervalo entre ambas cirugías, así como el papel que la quimioterapia determina en el mismo.

Pacientes y método

Se utilizó retrospectivamente la base de datos prospectiva de los pacientes intervenidos previamente de cáncer de recto a los que se les cerró la ileostomía entre mayo de 2004 y septiembre de 2008. Se recogieron y analizaron los datos relativos a indicación de quimioterapia, intervalo entre cirugías, y complicaciones.

Resultados

Se analizaron 54 pacientes consecutivos con edad media de 66 años. El intervalo medio entre cirugías fue de 178 días siendo significativamente menor en el grupo de pacientes que no recibió quimioterapia (p=0,008). La estancia postoperatoria fue de 6,3 días (DE=4,1). La mortalidad fue del 1,8% por causa respiratoria y la morbilidad fue del 22,2% con un porcentaje de reintervenciones del 7,4%.

Conclusiones

La mortalidad y morbilidad del cierre de la ileostomía no son despreciables, si bien sus ventajas en la protección del estoma justifican su uso. El intervalo de reconstrucción de la ileostomía se ve afectado significativamente por la quimioterapia postoperatoria.

Palabras clave:
Ileostomías en asa
Morbilidad
Mortalidad
Cierre ileostomía
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Copyright © 2010. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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