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Vol. 87. Issue 5.
Pages 299-305 (May 2010)
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Vol. 87. Issue 5.
Pages 299-305 (May 2010)
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Evaluation of three-dimensional endoanal endosonography of perianal fistulas and correlation with surgical findings
Evaluación de las fístulas perianales mediante ecografía endoanal tridimensional y correlación con los hallazgos intraoperatorios
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Marina Garcés Albir
Corresponding author
garalma@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Stephanie García Botello, Pedro Esclápez Valero, Ángel Sanahuja Santafé, Alejandro Espí Macías, Blas Flor Lorente, Eduardo García-Granero
Unidad de Coloproctología, Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitari, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

This study aims to assess the accuracy of three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound (3D-US), two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) and physical examination (PE) for the diagnosis of perianal fistulas and correlate the results with intraoperative findings.

Materials and methods

A prospective, observational study with consecutive inclusion of patients was performed between December 2008 and August 2009. Twenty-nine patients diagnosed with a perianal fistula due to undergo surgery were included. All patients underwent PE, 2D-US and 3D-US, and the results were compared to intraoperative findings. The examinations were repeated with hydrogen peroxide instilled through the external opening.

Results

Internal opening (IO): no significant differences with regards to the number of IO diagnosed by PE and 2D-US or 3D-US (P>.05). Primary tract: good concordance between 3D US and surgery (k=0.61), and this was higher than any of the other techniques used (PE: k=0.41; 2D-US: k=0.56). Secondary tracts: both 2D and 3D-US show good concordance with surgery (86%, k=0.66; 90%, k=0.73, respectively). Abscesses/cavities: The ultrasound examinations showed a moderate concordance with surgery (k=0.438, k=0.540, respectively).

Conclusions

3D-US shows a higher diagnostic accuracy than 2D-US when compared with surgery to estimate primary fistula height in transphincteric fistulas. 3D-US shows good concordance with surgery for diagnosing primary and secondary tracts and a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of the IO. There was a tendency to overestimate fistula height with 2D-US as shown by the lower specificity of 2D-US for the diagnosis of high transphincteric fistulas and lower sensitivity of 2D-US for low transphincteric fistulas.

Keywords:
Perianal fistula
Three-dimensional endoanal endosonography
Two-dimensional ultrasound
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la fiabilidad diagnóstica de la ecografía tridimensional (ECO 3D) vs. la bidimensional (ECO 2D) y la exploración física en el diagnóstico de las fístulas perianales correlacionándolo con los hallazgos intraoperatorios.

Material y método

Estudio prospectivo, observacional con pacientes incluidos de forma consecutiva entre diciembre 2008 y agosto 2009. Se incluyen 29 pacientes diagnosticados de fístula perianal subsidiarios de tratamiento quirúrgico. Se realizó una exploración física, ECO 2D, ECO 3D comparándolos con los hallazgos intraoperatorios. Cuando el orificio fistuloso externo se encuentra abierto, se repiten ambas exploraciones instilando agua oxigenada.

Resultados

Orificio fistuloso interno: sin diferencias significativas entre la exploración física y las ecografías (p>0,05). Trayecto fistuloso primario: el grado de concordancia entre la ECO 3D y los hallazgos intraoperatorios es bueno (k=0,61), y superior al resto de las exploraciones físicas (k=0,41; ECO 2D: k=0,56). Trayecto fistuloso secundario: ECO 2D y ECO 3D muestran buena concordancia con la cirugía (86%, k=0,66; 90%, k=0,73, respectivamente). Abscesos/cavidades adyacentes: las ecografías muestran una concordancia moderada con los hallazgos intraoperatorios (k=0,438, k=0,540, respectivamente).

Conclusiones

La ECO 3D tiene una fiabilidad diagnóstica mayor a la ECO 2D comparando con los hallazgos intraoperatorios para estimar la altura de las fístulas transesfintéricas. ECO 3D muestra buena concordancia con la cirugía en el diagnóstico de trayectos primarios y secundarios y una alta fiabilidad para el orificio fistuloso interno. Existe una tendencia a sobreestimar la altura de la fístula con ECO 2D, esto se deduce de la menor especificidad de la ECO 2D para el diagnóstico de fístulas transesfintéricas altas y la menor sensibilidad en las fístulas transesfintéricas bajas.

Palabras clave:
Fístula perianal
Ecografía tridimensional endoanal
Ecografía bidimensional endoanal
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Copyright © 2010. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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