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Review article
Available online 29 November 2024
Impact of sarcopenic obesity on surgical complications and oncologic outcomes of upper gastrointestinal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Impacto de la obesidad sarcopénica en las complicaciones quirúrgicas y los resultados oncológicos de las neoplasias gastrointestinales superiores: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Luz Divina Jueza,
Corresponding author
luz.juez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Ana del Carmen Ortegaa, Pablo Priegob, Juan Carlos García Péreza, José María Fernández-Cebriána, Jose I. Botella-Carreteroc
a Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS. Madrid, Spain
b Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
c Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS. Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Characteristics of studies included in systematic reviews according to: authors, population, demographic variables, method, sarcopenia and obesity.
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Abstract

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a new entity whose definition encompasses the diagnosis of overweight in malnourished patients. The aim of the review was to assess the impact of body composition in patients with esophago-gastric tumors (EGT) on perioperative and oncological outcomes. This systematic review was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases were searched until January 2024. Sixteen articles were identified for analysis analyzing 5,378 patients. The prevalence of SO was 10% (95%CI: 6–16; I2 = 94%). Preoperative diagnosis of SO was associated with a twofold increased risk of severe postoperative complications (OR 2.32 [95%CI 1.41–3.82] I2 = 70%). Meta-analysis of overall survival outcomes identified that SO was associated with worse overall survival (HR 2.30; 95%CI 1.46–3.61).

Keywords:
Sarcopenia
Obesidad
Gástrico
Estómago
Esófago
Cáncer
Cáncer tracto gastrointestinal superior
Resumen

La obesidad sarcopénica (OS) es una nueva entidad que engloba su definición el diagnóstico de sobrepeso en pacientes desnutridos. El objetivo de la revisión fue evaluar el impacto de la composición corporal en pacientes con tumores esofago-gástricos (TEG) en los resultados perioperatorios y oncológicos. Esta revisión sistemática se ha realizado bajo las directrices PRISMA. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science y SCOPUS hasta enero de 2024. Se identificaron 16 artículos para el análisis que analizaron 5.378 pacientes. La prevalencia de OS fue del 10% (IC95%: 6–16; I2 = 94%). El diagnóstico preoperatorio de SO se asoció con el riesgo doble de complicaciones postoperatorias graves (OR 2,32 [IC95%: 1,41−3,82] I2 = 70%). El metanálisis de los resultados de supervivencia global identificó que la OS se asociaba a una peor supervivencia global (HR 2,30; IC95%: 1,46−3,61).

Palabras clave:
Sarcopenia
Obesity
Gastric
Stomach
Esophageal
Cancer
Upper-gastrointestinal cancer

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