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Original article
Available online 28 October 2024
Match detection analysis on SentiMag® system and standard technique in SLNB of breast cancer
Análisis de ganglios coincidentes con SentiMag® y técnica estándar en la BSGC del cáncer de mama
Cristina Isabel Davó Pérez
Corresponding author
cristinadavoperez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Virginia Pellicer Sánchez, Edelmira Soliveres Soliveres, María José Cases Baldó, Arantxa Cabrera Vilanova, Lorena Rodríguez Cazalla, Piotr Kosny, Miguel Ángel Morcillo Rodenas
Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo del Hospital Vega Baja de Orihuela de Alicante, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (5)
Table 1. Clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients.
Table 2. Number of patients in whom sentinel lymph nodes were detected with each of the probes.
Table 3. Nodes detected with each probe according to each factor analysed.
Table 4. Coincidence of detection between both probes for the clinical factors and tumour characteristics analysed.
Table 5. Studies comparing gamma probe and SentiMag® and their respective concordance rate per patient.
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Abstract
Introduction

In breast cancer surgery, there are techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) that do not require Nuclear Medicine, such SentiMag®, which uses ferromagnetic particles. The main purpose of this analysis is to study the degree of concordance in SLNB between SentiMag® and the standard method (Tc99 radiotracer). The secondary objective is to identify factors that impact in sentinel node detection rate and matching detection rate between both probes.

Methods

Observational and retrospective study performed from January to December 2021 focused on patients undergoing breast surgery and SLNB who were injected with both tracers, the ferromagnetic SentiMag® and Tc99 radiotracer. Once the diagnostic accuracy tests were performed, a further evaluation of the detection rate for each probe and the concordance between probes were accomplished. After those results, a deeper analysis of differences in detection rates for each probe and concordance between probes were assessed for various factors: neoadjuvant therapy, BMI, mitotic index, and triple-negative immunohistochemical profile.

Results

The clinical study had a sample size of 70 patients. The overall false-negative rate (FNR) was 4.3%. The detection rate was the same for each technique (85.7%). A total of 106 nodes were biopsied, with a concordance rate of 70.75%. Significant differences were found in concordant nodes according to neoadjuvant therapy (p-value 0.012). For the Ki-67 factor (<20 or ≥20), significant differences were found in detected nodes (p-value 0.031 gamma probe; p-value 0.124 SentiMag®).

Conclusions

The detection rates of SentiMag® and the gamma probe are equivalent. The application of the dual technique minimizes the FNR. A high mitotic index affects the detection rate of the gamma probe, and neoadjuvant therapy negatively impacts the concordance rate.

Keywords:
Sentinel lymph node biopsy
Breast cancer
SentiMag®
Body mass index
Superparamagnetic
Neoadjuvant therapy
Resumen
Introducción

Existen técnicas para la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC) en cáncer de mama que no precisan Medicina Nuclear como SentiMag® que emplea partículas ferromagnéticas. El objetivo principal es estudiar el grado de concordancia en la BSGC con SentiMag® y con el método estándar (radiotrazador Tc99). Los objetivos secundarios son identificar factores que repercutan en la detección y la concordancia entre sondas.

Métodos

Estudio observacional y retrospectivo desde enero hasta diciembre de 2021. Se incluyeron pacientes sometidas a cirugía mamaria y BSGC a las que se les inyectó el radiotrazador y trazador ferromagnético. Se realizó un análisis de pruebas diagnósticas y se analizó la tasa de detección por cada sonda y la tasa de concordancia entre sondas. Además, se evaluaron las diferencias en tasas de detección por cada sonda y en concordancia entre sondas para diferentes factores: neoadyuvancia, IMC, índice mitótico y perfil inmunohistoquímico triple negativo.

Resultados

70 pacientes fueron incluidas. La tasa de falsos negativos (TFN) global fue 4,3%. La detección para cada técnica fue equivalente (85,7%). Fueron biopsiados 106 ganglios con una tasa de concordancia del 70,75%. Al analizar la tasa de concordancia de los ganglios centinela en pacientes con y sin neoadyuvancia, se hallaron diferencias significativas (p-valor 0,012). Para el factor Ki-67 (<20 o ≥20) se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en la tasa de detección de ganglios centinela (p-valor 0,031 sonda gamma; p-valor 0,124 SentiMag®).

Conclusiones

La tasa de detección de SentiMag® y sonda gamma es equivalente. La aplicación de la doble técnica minimiza la TFN. La neoadyuvancia repercute negativamente en la tasa de concordancia. El índice mitótico elevado (Ki-67 ≥ 20) afecta a la tasa de concordancia entre sondas y apunta un peor desempeño de sonda gamma.

Palabras clave:
Biopsia selectiva de ganglio centinela
Cáncer de mama
SentiMag®
Índice de masa corporal
Superparamagnético
Neoadyuvancia

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