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Inicio Cirugía Española (English Edition) Usefulness of extended inflammatory parameters related to neutrophil activation ...
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Vol. 102. Issue 6.
Pages 300-306 (June 2024)
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Vol. 102. Issue 6.
Pages 300-306 (June 2024)
Original article
Usefulness of extended inflammatory parameters related to neutrophil activation reported by Sysmex XN-1000 hematology analyzer for predicting complicated acute appendicitis. Comparison with canonical inflammatory laboratory tests
Utilidad del perfil inflamatorio extendido relacionado con la activación de los neutrofilos informado por el analizador hematológico Sysmex XN-1000 para la predicción de apendicitis aguda complicada. Comparación con biomarcadores de inflamación tradicionales
María Isabel Díaz Lópeza,1, Elena Crespo Álvarezb, Álvaro Martínez Manzanob, Eloísa Urrechagac,d, Manuel Tomás Orgaz Moralesa, Mercedes González Moralesa, Elena Martín Garcíaa, Luis García de Guadiana-Romualdoa,1,
Corresponding author
lgr28w@ad.sms.carm.es

Corresponding author.
a Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
b General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
c Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Baracaldo, Spain
d Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Laboratory findings in both groups (non-complicated vs complicated acute appendicitis).
Table 2. ROC curves for complicated acute appendicitis.
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Abstract
Aim

Accurate diagnosis of complicated appendicitis is of importance to ensure that patients receive early and effective treatment, minimizing the risk of postoperative complications to promote successful recovery. Biochemical markers are a promising tool to identify complicated appendicitis. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of novel parameters related with neutrophil activation, known as “Extended Inflammation Parameters” (EIP), included in blood cell count reported by Sysmex XN-Series analyzers, compared to other canonical biomarkers in identifying complicated appendicitis.

Method

Prospective observational study including patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute appendicitis. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, cell blood count, including white blood cell (WBC), absolute neutrophil (ANC) and immature granulocyte (IG) count and EIP (neutrophil reactivity [NEUT-RI] and granularity intensity [NEUT-GI]) were analyzed before surgery. Their accuracy to diagnose complicated appendicitis was tested in an ROC curve analysis.

Results

Our population study included 119 patients, and appendicitis was complicated in 58 (48.7%). NLR, CRP and procalcitonin levels, ANC and IG count and NEUT-RI and NEUT-GI were higher in patients with complicated appendicitis. Regarding accuracy for complicated appendicitis, CRP was the biomarker with the highest performance (ROC AUC: 0.829), with an optimal cutoff of 73.1 mg/L (sensitivity: 63.8%, specificity: 88.5%). NEUT-RI and NEUT-GI achieved both significant but poor accuracy, with ROC AUC of 0.606 and 0.637, respectively.

Conclusions

Novel laboratory tests reported by Sysmex XN-Series analyzers have poor accuracy for identifying complicated appendicitis. In this study, CRP was the biomarker with the highest performance and may be useful as predictor of the severity of acute appendicitis.

Keywords:
Complicated acute appendicitis
Extended inflammation parameters
C-reactive protein
Biomarkers
Sysmex XN
Resumen
Objetivo

El diagnóstico de la apendicitis complicada es esencial para garantizar el tratamiento precoz y eficaz del paciente, minimizando el riesgo de complicaciones postquirúrgicas. Los biomarcadores son una herramienta prometedora para la identificación de esta condición. En este estudio evaluamos los nuevos parámetros (“Perfil Inflamatorio Extendido” [PIE]) incluidos en el hemograma de los analizadores Sysmex de la Serie XN, en comparación con marcadores tradicionales, para identificar la apendicitis complicada.

Método

Estudio prospectivo observacional incluyendo pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de apendicitis aguda. Previo a la cirugía se midieron proteína C reactiva (PCR), procalcitonina, recuento celular en sangre (recuento de leucocitos, recuento absoluto de neutrófilos [RAN] y granulocitos inmaduros [GI]) y PIE (intensidad de la reactividad (NEUT-RI) y de la granularidad (NEUT-GI) de neutrófilos). Su rendimiento se analizó mediante análisis de curvas ROC.

Resultados

La población incluyó 119 pacientes y la apendicitis fue clasificada como complicada en 58 (48,7%). El cociente neutrófilos/linfocitos, las concentraciones de PCR y procalcitonina, el RAN y de GI y NEUT-RI y NEUT-GI fueron más altos en pacientes con apendicitis complicada. La PCR fue el biomarcador con mayor rendimiento (AUC ROC: 0.829), con un punto de corte óptimo de 73,1 mg/L (sensibilidad: 63,8%, especificidad: 88,5%). El rendimiento de NEUT-RI y NEUT-GI fue pobre, con AUC ROC de 0,606 y 0,637, respectivamente.

Conclusiones

Los nuevas medidas de laboratorio de los analizadores Sysmex de la Serie XN tienen un pobre rendimiento para identificar la apendicitis complicada. En este estudio, la PCR fue el biomarcador con el mayor rendimiento y puede ser útil como predictor de la gravedad de la apendicitis aguda.

Palabras claves:
Apendicitis aguda complicada
Parámetros de inflamación extendidos
Proteína C reactiva
Biomarcadores
Sysmex XN

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