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Vol. 87. Issue 3.
Pages 155-158 (March 2010)
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Vol. 87. Issue 3.
Pages 155-158 (March 2010)
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Aggressive management of the arterial complications of liver transplantation. Impact upon survival and biliary complications
Tratamiento agresivo de las complicaciones arteriales del trasplante hepático. Impacto sobre la supervivencia y las complicaciones biliares
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José Luis Fernández Aguilar
Corresponding author
jlfaguilar@telefonica.net

Corresponding author.
, Miguel Ángel Suárez-Muñoz, Julio Santoyo Santoyo, Belinda Sánchez Pérez, Antonio Pérez Daga, César P. Ramírez Plaza, José Manuel Aranda Narváez, Antonio González Sánchez, Custodia Montiel Casado, Joaquín Carrasco Campos, Antonio Álvarez Alcalde
Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva y Trasplante de Órganos Abdominales, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
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Abstract

A study was made of the arterial complications documented in 400 transplants performed between 1997 and 2006. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of treatment provided. Group I: invasive management (arterial treatment or re-transplant), and Group II: conservative or symptomatic management. The impact of management on survival and biliary complications was analysed.

Results

There were 18 arterial complications (4.5%): 10 early (7 thromboses and 3 stenoses) and 8 late (5 thromboses and 3 stenoses). Ninety percent of the early complications were subjected to invasive management (4 emergency thrombectomies, one re-transplant and 3 angioplasties), while 25% of the late complications were treated with re-transplant and the remaining 75% were subjected to symptomatic treatment. Survival after 12 and 60 months was lower in Group II (57% and 42%) than in Group I (90% and 68%), although without reaching statistical significance. The overall biliary complications rate among the patients with arterial thrombosis was 50%. The rate was significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (10% versus 71%) (P<.04).

Conclusions

Invasive management of the arterial complications of liver transplantation is associated with longer short-term survival and significantly fewer biliary complications. In our experience, patients benefit from an early diagnosis and aggressive management of complications of this kind.

Keywords:
Hepatic arterial complication
Arterial stenoses
Arterial thromboses
Liver transplant
Resumen

Se estudian las complicaciones arteriales (CA) ocurridas en 400 trasplantes realizados entre 1997 y 2006. Se dividen en 2 grupos según el tipo de tratamiento realizado: grupo I: tratamiento invasivo (tratamiento sobre la arteria o retrasplante), y grupo II: tratamiento conservador o sintomático. Se analizan el impacto del tratamiento sobre la supervivencia y las complicaciones biliares (CB).

Resultados

Se han presentado 18 CA (4,5%), 10 complicaciones precoces (7 trombosis y 3 estenosis) y 8 complicaciones tardías (5 trombosis y 3 estenosis). El 90% de las complicaciones precoces se trató de forma invasiva (4 trombectomías urgentes, un retrasplante, 3 angioplastias y una ligadura de arteria hepática), y el 25% de las complicaciones tardías se trató con retrasplante (3); el 75% restante recibió tratamiento sintomático.

La supervivencia a 12 y 60 meses fue inferior en el grupo II (el 57 y el 42%) que en el grupo I (el 90 y el 68%), aunque sin alcanzar significación estadística. La tasa global de CB de enfermos con trombosis arterial fue del 50%. La tasa fue significativamente menor en el grupo I que en el grupo II (10% versus 71%) (p<0,04).

Conclusiones

El tratamiento invasivo de las CA en el trasplante hepático se asocia a una mayor supervivencia a corto plazo y reduce de forma significativa la aparición de CB. En nuestra experiencia, los pacientes se benefician de un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento intensivo en este tipo de complicaciones

Palabras clave:
Complicaciones
de la arteria hepática
Estenosis arterial
Trombosis arterial
Trasplante hepático
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Copyright © 2010. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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