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Vol. 88. Issue 1.
Pages 41-45 (July 2010)
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Vol. 88. Issue 1.
Pages 41-45 (July 2010)
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Incidence of iatrogenic perforation during colonoscopy and their treatment in a university hospital
Incidencia de la perforación iatrogénica por colonoscopia y resultados del tratamiento en un hospital universitario
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Sandra Alonsoa,b,
Corresponding author
94982@imas.imim.es

Corresponding author.
, Dimitri Dorcarattoa, Miguel Peraa,b, Agustín Seoaneb,c, Josep M. Dedeuc, Marta Pascuala,b, M. José Gila,b, Ricard Courtiera,b, Felipe Boryc, Luis Grandea
a Unidad de Cirugía Colorrectal, Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
b Unidad Funcional de Cáncer Colorrectal, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Colon perforation is a fairly uncommon, but serious, complication during endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Treatment is controversial, although surgery is used in the majority of cases. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of perforations due to colonoscopy in our hospital and to find out the results of the treatment options used.

Material and methods

Retrospective study of perforations caused by colonoscopy between January 2004 and October 2008. The variables analysed were: demographic characteristics, colonoscopy indication, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests used, time between perforation and the diagnosis, treatment type, hospital stay and complications.

Results

A total of 13,493 colonoscopies were performed during the study period. A perforation of the colon was found in 13 (0.1%) patients. Nine perforations occurred whilst performing a diagnostic colonoscopy (0.08%) and the remaining 4 after a therapeutic colonoscope (0.16%). In 10 of the cases the diagnosis was made within the first 12h, and in 5 of these the perforation was identified during the procedure itself. The most common location was the sigmoid, in 7 cases. Surgical treatment was carried out on 11 patients, and in the other two it was resolved by conservative treatment. The most used surgical technique was simple suture followed by resection with anastomosis. One patient died due to intra-abdominal sepsis.

Conclusion

Perforations caused by colonoscopy are rare, but serious, complications. The majority of these patients required surgical treatment, with conservative treatment being reserved for selected patients.

Keywords:
Colonoscopy
Perforation of the colon
Surgical treatment
Resumen
Introducción

La perforación del colon es una complicación poco frecuente, aunque grave, de la endoscopia digestiva baja. El tratamiento es controvertido, aunque en la mayoría de los casos es quirúrgico. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron determinar la incidencia de las perforaciones por colonoscopia en nuestro centro y conocer los resultados de las opciones terapéuticas empleadas.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de las perforaciones producidas por colonoscopia entre enero de 2004 y octubre de 2009. Las variables analizadas fueron las siguientes: características demográficas, indicación de la colonoscopia, manifestaciones clínicas, pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas, tiempo entre la perforación y el diagnóstico, tipo de tratamiento, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones.

Resultados

Durante el período de estudio se realizaron 13.493 colonoscopias. En 13 pacientes (0,1%) se produjo una perforación del colon. Nueve perforaciones ocurrieron durante la realización de una colonoscopia diagnóstica (0,08%) y las restantes 4 después de una colonoscopia terapéutica (0,16%). En 10 casos, el diagnóstico se realizó durante las primeras 12h y en 5 de ellos, la perforación se identificó durante el mismo procedimiento. La localización más frecuente fue el sigma en 7 casos. En 11 pacientes se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico y en 2 pacientes se resolvió con tratamiento conservador. La técnica quirúrgica más utilizada fue la sutura simple seguida de la resección con anastomosis. Un paciente falleció por sepsis intraabdominal.

Conclusión

Las perforaciones causadas por colonoscopia son complicaciones poco frecuentes, aunque graves. La mayoría de estos pacientes precisarán tratamiento quirúrgico, y quedará reservado el tratamiento conservador para pacientes seleccionados.

Palabras clave:
Colonoscopia
Perforación del colon
Tratamiento quirúrgico
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Copyright © 2010. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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