Article information
Abstract
Primary hyperhidrosis-PH is an excessive sweating without known etiology. The PH is more frequent in women and in palms, soles and axillae. Medical treatment is not effective. The objective of the surgery is to remove or to disconnect sympathetic ganglia T2 (craniofacial PH or facial blushing), T3 (palmar PH) and T3-T4 (axillary PH). The surgical techniques are mainly resection/transection, ablation with electrocoagulation, sympathetic block by clipping and radiofrequency. Anhidrosis is achieved in 95% of the patients. The overall rate of complications is less than 5% and these are minor complications. The most important unwanted effect is reflex sweating, presented in 48% of the patients. Reflex sweating is more frequent in back, thorax and abdomen and it appears independently of the surgical technique. Ninety percent of the patients are very satisfied after surgery. Nowadays, thoracic sympathetic surgery is the gold standard for primary hyperhidrosis.
Keywords:
Primary hyperhidrosis
Thoracic sympathicolysis
Thoracic sympathectomy
Clipping
Compensatory sweating
Reflex sweating
Resumen
La hiperhidrosis primaria (HP) es un exceso de sudoración sin causa aparente. La HP es más frecuente en mujeres y en palmas, plantas y axilas. Los tratamientos médicos no son efectivos. La cirugía consiste en eliminar/desconectar los ganglios simpáticos T2 (HP craneofacial y rubor facial), T3 (HP palmar) y T3-T4 (HP axilar). Las técnicas quirúrgicas son la resección/transección, la ablación mediante electrocoagulación, la neuropresión con clip y la radiofrecuencia, fundamentalmente. La anhidrosis se consigue en el 95% de los pacientes. Menos del 5% presenta complicaciones y estas son menores. El efecto secundario más temido es la sudoración refleja, que se presenta en un 48% de los pacientes. La sudoración refleja es más frecuente en espalda, tórax y abdomen y aparece independientemente de la técnica utilizada. Un 90% de los pacientes están muy satisfechos tras la cirugía. Actualmente, la cirugía del simpático torácico es el gold estándar para la HP.
Palabras clave:
Hiperhidrosis primaria
Simpaticólisis torácica
Simpatectomía torácica
Neuropresión con clip
Sudoración compensatoria
Sudoración refleja
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