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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Análisis de las regiones reguladoras de la expresión de apo A-I en sujetos con...
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Vol. 14. Issue 4.
Pages 177-185 (January 2002)
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Vol. 14. Issue 4.
Pages 177-185 (January 2002)
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Análisis de las regiones reguladoras de la expresión de apo A-I en sujetos con hipoalfalipoproteinemia
Analysis of apo ai expression regulatory regions in hypoalphalipoproteinemia subjects
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D. Recaldea, A. Cenarrob, A.L. García-Otína, T. Tejedorc, F. Civeirab,d, M. Pocovía,
Corresponding author
mpocovi@posta.unizar.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Zaragoza. 50009 Zaragoza, España
a Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular. Universidad de Zaragoza
b Laboratorio de Investigación Molecular. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet
c Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética. Universidad de Zaragoza
d Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Universidad de Zaragoza
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Introducción/Objetivos

La concentración de apolipoproteína (apo) A-I está directamente relacionada con la concentración de colesterol ligado a HDL (cHDL) e inversamente relacionada con el riesgo de padecer enfermedad coronaria. El gen de apo A-I forma parte de la agrupación génica A-I/C-III/A-IV, localizada en el cromosoma 11. La expresión de la proteína se encuentra regulada por una región promotora y una región exaltadora, situadas en 5’ de los genes de apo A-I y apo C-III, respectivamente. Se han descrito varios sitios polimórficos, que podrían afectar la expresión de la proteína: g.(–78)G>A, en 5’ del gen de apo A-I, g.(–636)C>A, g.(–625)G>A, g.(–620)T>del, g.(–479)C>T y g.(–452)T>C, en 5’ del gen de apo C-III; SstI, en 3’ de apo C-III

Métodos

Hemos analizado el genotipo de los polimorfismos y la presencia de nuevas mutaciones en las regiones reguladoras del gen de apo A-I en un grupo de 66 sujetos españoles no relacionados con hipoalfalipoproteinemia (HALP) (cHDL < 35 mg/dl) primaria

Resultados

Las frecuencias alélicas observadas para los polimorfismos fueron similares a las descritas en sujetos normolipémicos. Solamente se observó una asociación significativa entre el alelo menor del polimorfismo g.(–452)T>C con concentraciones bajas de cLDL (p < 0,05). Los polimorfismos situados en 5’ de apo C-III presentaron un fuerte desequilibrio gamético entre sí y, en menor medida, con el polimorfismo SstI en la región 3’ del gen de apo C-III. No se detectó ninguna nueva mutación en las regiones promotora ni exaltadora de la expresión de apo A-I

Conclusiones

Nuestros resultados sugieren que la variabilidad genética del promotor y exaltador del gen de apo A-I no justifica un porcentaje significativo de casos de HALP en población española

Palabras clave:
Hipoalfalipoproteinemia
Apolipoproteína A-I
Promotor
Exaltador
Polimorfismos genéticos
Background

Plasma apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels are directly related to HDL-cholesterol (cHDL) concentration, and inversely correlated to coronary artery disease risk. Apo A-I gene lies in the A-I/C-III/A-IV gene cluster, located on chromosome 11. Hepatic and intestinal expression of apo A-I gene is transcriptionally regulated by both promoter and enhancer sequences, located at 5’ regions of apo A-I and apo C-III genes, respectively. Several polymorphisms have been described, which could modify protein expression: g.(–78)G>A, upstream the apo A-I gene, g.(–636)C>A, g.(–625)G>A, g.(–620)T>del, g.(–479)C>T, and g.(–452)T>C, upstream the apo C-III gene; SstI, downstream the apo C-III gene

Material and methods

We have analysed the genotype for these polymorphisms, as well as the presence of non described mutations in these regulatory regions in a group of 66 Spanish subjects with primary hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) (cHDL < 35 mg/dl)

Results

Allelic frecuencies of studied polymorphisms were close to those reported for normolipidemic subjects. The only significant association between lipid levels and genotypes was observed for the minor allele of g.(–452)T>C polymorphism, which was associated with low cLDL levels (p < 0.05). The five polymorphic loci at 5’ of apo C-III exhibited a strong gametic disequilibrium, among themselves, and, in a lesser degree, with the SstI polymorphism in the apo CIII 3’ untranslated region. We have not detected any unknown mutation in the promoter nor enhancer regions of the apo A-I gene

Conclusions

Therefore, our results suggest that the variability at the promoter and enhancer apo AI gene locus do not significantly contribute to HALP in Spanish population

Key words:
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
Apolipoprotein A-I
Promoter
Enhancer
Genetic polymorphism
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