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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis La vitamina D induce apoptosis en células musculares lisas
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 154-159 (January 2001)
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 154-159 (January 2001)
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La vitamina D induce apoptosis en células musculares lisas
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M.J. Gimeno1
Corresponding author
mjulia.bujan@uah.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Ctra N-II, km 33.600. 28871 Alcalá de Henares. Madrid
, J.M. Bellón, C. Corrales, M. Rodríguez, R. López, J. Buján
Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Madrid
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Fundamento

La degeneración de la capa media arterial es una de las características de la arteriosclerosis que compromete tanto a las láminas elásticas como a las células musculares y a la matriz extracelular. Uno de los factores que aumentan la calcificación arterial es la vitamina D que, administrada junto a una dieta hipercolesterolémica, favorece también el depósito de colesterol y participa en el avance de la lesion vascular. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar el efecto de distintas concentraciones de vitamina D2 sobre la proliferación de células musculares lisas en cultivo

Método

Se utilizaron células musculares procedentes de arteria abdominal de rata y se ensayaron distintas concentraciones de vitamina D2 (0-200.000 U/ml) durante 2 h y hasta 4 días. Se realizó un análisis de la proliferación celular en el que se valoró la incorporación de 3H-timidina y se utilizó la técnica de TUNEL para medir el daño celular como fragmentación del material genético

Resultados

Las células musculares lisas del grupo control, crecidas sólo con medio de cultivo, proliferan durante todo el tiempo de estudio. Sin embargo, la presencia de esta vitamina en los medios de incubación indujo modificaciones del índice proliferativo, y se llegó a paralizar el crecimiento del cultivo con la mayor dosis de vitamina utilizada. Estos hallazgos se corresponden con un aumento de la muerte cellular por apoptosis en las mismas células

Conclusiones

La vitamina D2 induce sobre las células musculares una inhibición de la proliferación y un aumento de la muerte cellular por apoptosis, y ambos parámetros dependen directamente del tiempo de incubación y de la concentración de vitamina D utilizada

Palabras clave:
Vitamina D
Arteriosclerosis
Apoptosis
Células musculares
Background

Degeneration of the arterial medial layer is one of the characteristic features of arteriosclerosis and affects the elastic laminae, as well as the muscle cells and extracellular matrix. Among other factors, vitamin D induces arterial calcification and when administered in combination with a high cholesterol diet, contributes to cholesterol deposition and to the advance of the vascular lesion. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of different vitamin D2 concentrations on the growth of cultured smooth muscle cells

Method

Different vitamin D2 concentrations (0-200.000 U/ml) were applied to 2h - 4 day cultures of muscle cells from rat abdominal artery. Cell proliferation was estimated through 3Hthymidine incorporation, and cell damage, assessed as DNA fragmentation was determined using the TUNEL technique

Results

Smooth muscle cells incubated in the absence of vitamin D2 proliferated throughout the study period. The presence of vitamin D2 in the culture medium induced changes in the proliferation rate and led to growth cessation at the highest vitamin concentration used. These findings were concurrent with an enhanced apoptosis that was noted in the same cells

Conclusions

Vitamin D2 inhibits the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and enhances cell death via apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner

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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.
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