Article information
Resumen
La formación de la lesión aterosclerótica se caracteriza por una respuesta inflamatoria crónica. En los últimos años, la búsqueda de marcadores biológicos de inflamación relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares ha dado lugar al descubrimiento de varias proteínas que pueden servir como marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular independientes. Con un simple análisis podemos caracterizar el nivel circulante de estos marcadores, así como su posible modulación mediante tratamiento farmacológico. En este trabajo analizaremos los diferentes marcadores de inflamación disponibles en la actualidad, como la proteína C reactiva, el ligando de CD40, moléculas de adhesión y quimiocinas, así como su posible modulación mediante la intervención terapéutica con fármacos hipolipemiantes. Además, en el futuro, las nuevas tecnologías permitirán descubrir nuevos marcadores, o un conjunto de ellos, que podrían indicar el camino hacia la prevención y el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Palabras clave:
Biomarcadores
Estatinas
PCR
CD40L
Moléculas de adhesión
Quimiocinas
Abstract
The formation of atherosclerotic lesions is characterized by a chronic inflammatory response. In the last few years, the search for biological markers of inflammation related to cardiovascular disease has given rise to the discovery of several proteins that could serve as independent markers of cardiovascular risk. Using a simple analysis, we can characterize the circulating level of these markers of inflammation, as well as their possible modulation through pharmacological treatment. In the present article, we analyze several markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein, CD40 ligand, adhesion molecules and chemokines, as well as their possible modulation through therapeutic interventions with lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, in the future, new technologies will allow us to discover new markers, or sets of markers, that could indicate the direction to be taken in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Key words:
Biomarkers
Statins
Polymerase chain reaction
Adhesion molecules
Chemokines
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