Article information
Resumen
Competitividad y crecimiento se han convertido en dos cuestiones clave en el debate sobre el papel del turismo como instrumento de desarrollo económico. Este artículo demuestra que existe una relación directa y estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables, y que una mayor competitividad turística favorece un mayor crecimiento turístico de los destinos. Es cierto que esta influencia no se produce con igual intensidad en todos los aspectos utilizados para medir la competitividad turística, por lo que los países deberían apostar por aquellos que mayor capacidad tienen para generar crecimiento. Y también es cierto, y queda patente en este artículo, que hay países que aprovechan mejor su capacidad competitiva que otros, lo que se traduce en la consecución de niveles de crecimiento turístico superiores a los que cabría esperar en virtud de sus competitividad.
Palabras clave:
crecimiento turístico
competitividad
destinos turísticos
análisis multivariante
Foro Económico Mundial
Abstract
Competitiveness and growth have become two key issues in the debate on the role of tourism as an economic development tool. This article demonstrates a statistically significant direct relationship between two variables, and that further enhances the competitive tourist destination tourism growth. It is true that this influence does not occur with equal intensity in all aspects used for measuring tourism competitiveness, so that countries should opt for those aspects that have enhanced capacity to generate growth. And also true, and is evidenced in this article, that some countries better their competitive advantage than others, resulting in achieving higher levels of tourism growth would be expected by virtue of their competitiveness.
Keywords:
tourism growth
competitiveness
tourism destinations
canonical correlation
discriminant analysis
World Economic Forum
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Referencias bibliográficas
[Balaguer and Cantavella-Jordá, 2002]
J. Balaguer, M. Cantavella-Jordá.
«Tourism as a long-run economic growth factor: the Spanish case».
Applied Economics, 34 (2002), pp. 877-884
[Chon and Mayer, 1995]
K.S. Chon, K.J. Mayer.
«Destination competitiveness models in tourism and their application in Las Vegas».
Journal of Tourism Systems and Quality Management, 1 (1995), pp. 227-246
[Cooper et al., 2007]
C. Cooper, J. Fletcher, A. Fyall, D. Gilbert, S. Wanhill.
El turismo. Teoría y práctica.
Editorial Síntesis, (2007),
[Cortés-Jimenéz and Artís, 2005]
I. Cortés-Jimenéz, M. Artís.
«The role of the tourism sector in economic development: lessons from the Spanish experience».
45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association,
[Crouch and Ritchie, 1999]
G.I. Crouch, J.R.B. Ritchie.
«Tourism, competitiveness and societal prosperity».
Journal of Business Research, 44 (1999), pp. 137-152
[Daskalopoulou and Petrou, 2009]
I. Daskalopoulou, A. Petrou.
Urban Tourism Competitiveness: Networks and the Regional Asset Base.
Urban Studies, 46 (2009), pp. 779-801
[D’Hauteserre, 2000]
A.M. D’Hauteserre.
Lessons in managed destination competitiveness: The case of Foxwoods Casino Resort.
Tourism Management, 21 (2000), pp. 23-32
[De Keyser and Vanhove, 1994]
R. De Keyser, N. Vanhove.
The competitive situation of tourism in the Caribbean area. Methodological approach.
Revue de Tourisme, 3 (1994), pp. 19-22
[Dritsakis, 2004]
N. Dritsakis.
Tourism as a long-run economic growth factor: an empirical investigation for Greece using causality analysis.
Tourism Economics, 10 (2004), pp. 305-316
[Durbarry, 2004]
R. Durbarry.
Tourism and economic growth: the case of Mauritius.
Tourism Economics, 10 (2004), pp. 389-401
[Dwyer et al., 2002]
L. Dwyer, P. Forsyth, P. Rao.
Destination price competitiveness: Exchange rate changes versus domestic inflation.
Journal of Travel Research, 40 (2002), pp. 328-336
[Dwyer et al., 2000]
L. Dwyer, R. Forsyth, P. Rao.
The price competitiveness of travel and tourism: a comparison of 19 destinations.
Tourism Management, 21 (2000), pp. 9-21
[Enright and Newton, 2004]
M.J. Enright, J. Newton.
Tourism destination competitiveness: A quantitative approach.
Tourism Management, 25 (2004), pp. 777-788
[Enright and Newton, 2005]
M.J. Enright, J. Newton.
Determinants of tourism destination competitiveness in Asia Pacific: Comprehensiveness and universality.
Journal of Travel Research, 43 (2005), pp. 339-350
[Esteve and Muñoz de Bustillo, 2005]
F. Esteve, R. Muñoz de Bustillo.
Conceptos de Economía.
Alianza Editorial, (2005),
[Evans and Johnson, 1995]
M.R. Evans, R.B. Johnson.
Identifying competitive strategies for successful tourism destination development.
Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Marketing, 31 (1995), pp. 37-45
[Faulkner et al., 1999]
B. Faulkner, M. Oppermann, E. Fredline.
Destination competitiveness: An exploratory examination of South Australia's core attractions.
Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5 (1999), pp. 125-139
[Figuerola, 1990]
M. Figuerola.
Teoría económica del turismo.
Alianza Universidad Textos, (1990),
[Goded, 2002]
M. Goded.
La promoción de la actividad turística: ¿Una política de desarrollo acertada?.
Revista de Economía Mundial, 7 (2002), pp. 111-133
[Gomezelj and Mihalic, 2008]
D.O. Gomezelj, T. Mihalic.
Destination competitiveness. Applying different models, the case of Slovenia.
Tourism Management, 29 (2008), pp. 294-307
[Gunduz and Hatemi, 2005]
L. Gunduz, J.A. Hatemi.
Is the Tourism-led Growth Hypothesis Valid for Turkey?.
Applied Economics Letters, 12 (2005), pp. 499-504
[Hassan, 2000]
S.S. Hassan.
Determinants of market competitiveness in a environmentally sustainable tourism industry.
Journal of Travel Research, 38 (2000), pp. 239-245
[Hong, 2009]
W. Hong.
Global competitiveness measurement for the tourism sector.
Current Issues in Tourism, 12 (2009), pp. 105-132
[Hou et al., 2005]
J.S. Hou, C.H. Lin, D.B. Morais.
Antecedents of attachment to a cultural tourism destination: The case of Hakka and non-Hakka Taiwanese visitors to Pei-pu, Taiwan.
Journal of Travel Research, 44 (2005), pp. 221-233
[Jobson, 1992]
J.D. Jobson.
Applied Multivariate Data Analysis. Volume II: Categorical and Multivariate Methods.
Editorial Springer-Verlag, (1992),
[Kim et al., 2006]
H.J. Kim, M.H. Chen, S.J. Soo Cheong.
Tourism expansion and economic development: the case of Taiwan.
Tourism Management, 27 (2006), pp. 925-933
[Kozak, 2001]
M. Kozak.
Repeaters’ behaviour at two distinct destinations.
Annals of Tourism Research, 28 (2001), pp. 784-807
[Kulendran and Wilson, 2000]
N. Kulendran, K. Wilson.
Is there a relationship between international trade and interanational travel?.
Applied Economics, 32 (2000), pp. 1001-1009
[Lanza et al., 2003]
A. Lanza, P. Temple, G. Urga.
The Implications of Tourism Specialisation in the Long Run: an Econometric Analysis for 13 OECD Economies.
Tourism Management, 24 (2003), pp. 315-321
[Lanza and Pigliaru, 1994]
A. Lanza, F. Pigliaru.
The Tourism Sector in the Open Economy.
Tourism and the Environment,
[Lickorish and Jenkins, 2000]
L.J. Lickorish, C.L. Jenkins.
Una introducción al turismo.
Editorial Síntesis, (2000),
[Mazanec et al., 2007]
J.A. Mazanec, K. Wöber, A.H. Zins.
Tourism Destination Competitiveness: From Definition to Explanation?.
Journal of Travel Research, 46 (2007), pp. 86-95
[Martín and Sáez, 2006]
P. Martín, A. Sáez.
Turismo y desarrollo económico.
(2006) Estructura económica del turismo, pp. 93-140
[McKinnon, 1964]
R. McKinnon.
Foreign exchange constraint in economic development and efficient aid allocation.
Economic Journal, 74 (1964), pp. 388-409
[Mihalic, 2000]
T. Mihalic.
Environmental management of a tourist destination A factor of tourism competitiveness.
Tourism Management, 21 (2000), pp. 65-78
[Monchón, 2004]
F. Monchón.
Economía y turismo.
McGraw Hill, (2004),
[Navickas and Malakauskaite, 2009]
V. Navickas, A. Malakauskaite.
The Possibilities for the Identification and Evaluation of Tourism Sector Competitiveness Factors.
Engineering Economics, 1 (2009), pp. 37-44
[Nowak et al., 2007]
J.J. Nowak, M. Sahli, I. Cortés-Jiménez.
Tourism, capital good imports and economic growth, theory and evidence for Spain.
Tourism Economics, 13 (2007), pp. 515-536
[OECD, 1994]
OECD (1994) The world competitiveness report. Lausanne: World Economic Forum and IMD International.
[Oh, 2005]
C. Oh.
The contribution of tourism development to economic growth in the Korean economy.
Tourism Management, 26 (2005), pp. 39-44
[Organización Mundial del Turismo, 1998]
Organización Mundial del Turismo.
Introducción al turismo.
Organización Mundial del Turismo, (1998),
[Pardo and Ruiz, 2002]
A. Pardo, M.A. Ruiz.
SPSS 11: Guía para el análisis de datos.
Editorial McGraw-Hill, (2002),
[Pearce, 1997]
D. Pearce.
Competitive destination analysis in Southeast Asia.
Journal of Travel Research, 35 (1997), pp. 16-24
[Pearce, 1989]
D. Pearce.
Tourism Development.
Longman, (1989),
[Poon, 1993]
A. Poon.
Tourism technology and competitive strategy.
CAB International, (1993),
[Porter, 1980]
M.E. Porter.
Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors.
The Free Press, (1980),
[Porter, 1985]
M.E. Porter.
Competitive advantages: Creating and sustaining superior performance.
The Free Press, (1985),
[Porter, 1990]
M.E. Porter.
The competitive advantage of nations.
The Free Press, (1990),
[Pulido et al., 2008]
J.I. Pulido, D. Flores, M.J. Vargas-Machuca.
Gestión activa de la deuda externa y desarrollo turístico. Los swaps deuda-turismo sostenible.
Revista de Economía Mundial, 20 (2008), pp. 197-227
[Ritchie and Crouch, 2000]
J.R.B. Ritchie, G.I. Crouch.
The competitive destination: A sustainability perspective.
Tourism Management, 21 (2000), pp. 1-7
[Ritchie and Crouch, 2003]
J.R.B. Ritchie, G.I. Crouch.
The competitive destination: A sustainable tourism perspective.
CABI Publishing, (2003),
[Sánchez, 2006]
M. Sánchez.
Elaboración de un ranking de competitividad de los destinos turísticos españoles: un análisis provincial mediante modelos de estructura latente.
Revista de Análisis Turístico, 1 (2006), pp. 4-23
[Serrano et al., 1999]
J.M. Serrano, M. Sabaté, D. Gadea.
Economic Growth and the Long-Run Balance of Payments Constraint in Spain.
Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 8 (1999), pp. 389-417
[Shan and Wilson, 2001]
J. Shan, K. Wilson.
Causality between trade and tourism: empirical evidence from China.
Applied Economics Letters, 8 (2001), pp. 279-283
[Sinclair, 1998]
M.T. Sinclair.
Tourism and Economic Development: A Survey.
The Journal of Development Studies, 34 (1998), pp. 1-51
[Sinclair and Bote, 1996]
M.T. Sinclair, V. Bote.
Tourism the Spanish economy and the balance of payments.
Tourism in Spain: Critical Perspectives, pp. 89-117
[Sinclair and Stabler, 1997]
M.T. Sinclair, M.J. Stabler.
The Economics of Tourism.
Routledge, (1997),
[Sirse and Mihalic, 1999]
J. Sirse, T. Mihalic.
Slovenian tourism and tourism policy. A case study.
Revue de Tourisme, 3 (1999), pp. 34-47
[Thomas and Long, 2000]
R. Thomas, J. Long.
Improving competitiveness: Critical success factors for tourism development.
Journal of the London Economic Policy Unit, 4 (2000), pp. 313-328
[Tribe, 2005]
J. Tribe.
The Economics of Recreation, Leisure and Tourism.
Elservier, (2005),
[United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), 2005]
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).
Tourism highlights 2005.
UNWTO, (2005),
[Vanhove, 2005]
Vanhove.
The Economics of Tourism Destinations.
Elsevier Butterworth- Heinemann, (2005),
[Weaver and Lawton, 2006]
D. Weaver, L. Lawton.
Tourism Management.
John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, (2006),
[World Economic Forum, 2008]
World Economic Forum.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008: balancing economic development and environmental sustainability.
World Economic Forum, (2008),
[World Travel and Tourism Council, 2005]
World Travel Tourism Council (WTTC).
Progress and priorities 2005–06.
World Travel and Tourism Council, (2005),
Copyright © 2010. Asociación Cuadernos de Economía