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Vol. 54. Issue 4.
Pages 211-215 (April 2007)
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Vol. 54. Issue 4.
Pages 211-215 (April 2007)
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Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular según el algoritmo de Framingham en sujetos con síndrome metabólico, definido por los criterios del NCEP-ATP-III
Cardiovascular risk assessment using Framingham risk scoring in subjects with metabolic syndrome according to the ATP-III-ncep definition
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Marino Tagle-Luzárragaa,
Corresponding author
mtagle@gye.satnet.net

Correspondencia: Dr. M. Tagle-Luzárraga. Casilla postal 09-01-3383. Guayaquil. Ecuador.
, Fausto Gómez-Vargasb, Lynn Guerrero-Rodríguezb, Andrea Tagle-Morlac, María Fernanda Franco-Bajañab
a Área de Endocrinología. Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social. Guayaquil. Ecuador
b Centro de Atención Ambulatoria 209. Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social. Guayaquil. Ecuador
c Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Católica de Guayaquil. Guayaquil. Ecuador
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Objetivo

Estimar el riesgo a 10 años de enfermedad coronaria (EC), aplicando las tablas de Framingham a una población diagnosticada de síndrome metabólico (SM), según la definición del National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP-III) y compararlo con el de una población sin esta condición.

Material y método

Analizamos los datos de una encuesta conducida durante el año 2005 en 160 sujetos (36 varones y 124 mujeres) sin antecedentes personales de diabetes mellitus ni EC, en edades comprendidas entre 20 y 79 años, que asistieron por diferentes razones a una parte de la consulta ambulatoria de Endocrinología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, en Guayaquil (Ecuador). El SM fue definido según los criterios del NCEPATP- III y la estimación del riesgo a 10 años de EC se determinó de acuerdo con el algoritmo de Framingham.

Resultados

No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las 3 categorías de riesgo general para EC a 10 años entre sujetos con y sin SM tanto varones como mujeres. En el grupo con SM, un mayor porcentaje de mujeres (p<0,001) tuvieron un riesgo bajo comparadas con los varones y, por el contrario, un mayor porcentaje de varones tuvieron un riesgo intermedio (p<0,01) respecto a las mujeres. Entre los individuos sin SM no se encontraron diferencias entre sexos por categorías de riesgo.

Conclusiones

Usando el algoritmo de Framingham para estimar el riesgo de EC a 10 años en la población estudiada por nosotros, la mayoría tuvo un riesgo bajo (> 80%) y no encontramos diferencias significativas entre varones y mujeres con y sin SM en las diferentes categorías de riesgo. Sin embargo, ciertos estudios han demostrado que el algoritmo de Framingham y el NCEP-ATP-III subestiman el riesgo en mujeres, principalmente en aquellas con una historia familiar de EC prematura o SM, por lo que puede no ser suficiente para una evaluación adecuada y se debería contar con otras herramientas que puedan predecir el riesgo cardiovascular con mayor fiabilidad.

Palabras clave:
Riesgo cardiovascular
Algoritmo de Framingham
Síndrome metabólico
National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III
Objective

To estimate the 10-year risk for CHD, using Framingham scoring in the Ecuadorean population diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MS), as defined by the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III-NCEP) in North America and to compare the risk identified with that in a population without MS.

Material and method

We analyzed data from a survey conducted in 2005 in 160 adults (36 men and 124 women) without diabetes mellitus or CHD, aged between 20 and 79 years living in the city of Guayaquil, who were evaluated at the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Hospital Teodoro aldonado Carbo, Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social Guayaquil (Ecuador) for distinct reasons. MS was defined following the NCEP-ATP-III criteria. Risk assessment for determining 10-year risk was carried out according to Framingham risk scoring.

Results

No significant differences were found between men and women with and without MS in the 3 categories of 10-year risk for CHD. In the group with MS, a greater percentage of women (p<0.001) had a lower risk than men and a greater percentage of men had an intermediate risk (p<0.01) than women. In subjects without MS no differences were found between the sexes by categories of risk.

Conclusions

Application of the Framingham score to determine 10-year risk for CHD in the population studied revealed that most subjects had a low risk (> 80%). No significant differences were found between men and women with and without MS in different risk categories. However, certain studies have demonstrated that Framingham scoring and the ATP-III-NCEP underestimate risk in women, mainly in those with a history of premature CHD or MS. Therefore, other tools should be used to predict cardiovascular risk with greater reliability.

Key words:
Cardiovascular risk assessment
Framingham score
Metabolic syndrome
National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel-III
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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