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En los últimos años ha habido importantes novedades en el campo de las infecciones de transmisión sexual como la secuenciación del genoma de Treponema pallidum, de Chlamydia trachomatis o de Mycoplasma genitalium; la reclasificación taxonómica de Calymmatobacterium granulomatis; la implantación de sistemas comerciales de diagnóstico basados en la amplificación de ácidos nucleicos; la aparición de resistencias a quinolonas en Neisseria gonorrhoeae; nuevos esquemas de actuación en las candidiasis vulvovaginales que incluyen compuestos como el ácido bórico; la demostración que valaciclovir reduce la transmisibilidad del herpes genital o el empleo de inmunomoduladores en las verrugas genitales, y que constituyen el objetivo entre otros de esta revisión. Por razones de espacio, y por constituir unidades con cierta independencia, no se abordan cuestiones relativas al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana ni a las hepatitis virales.
Palabras clave:
Infecciones de transmisión sexual
Epidemiología
Diagnóstico
Tratamiento
In the last years, there have been important advances in sexually transmitted infections such as genome sequencing of Treponema pallidum, Chlamydia trachomatis or Mycoplasma genitalium; the new taxonomic position of Calymmatobacterium granulomatis; commercial diagnostic systems based on nucleic acid amplification; the emergence of quinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae; new therapeutic approaches in vulvovaginal candidiasis that include boric acid; the demonstration that valacyclovir reduces the risk of transmission of genital herpes or the availability of immune-response modifier in the treatment of genital warts, and that are questions in the goal of this review. Viral hepatitis and HIV were no reviewed by space reasons.
Key words:
Sexually transmitted infections
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
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