metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Diagnóstico de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis en un centro de diagnós...
Journal Information
Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 11-15 (January 2007)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 11-15 (January 2007)
Originales
Full text access
Diagnóstico de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis en un centro de diagnóstico y prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual: evaluación de los exudados cervicales, uretrales y rectales mediante técnica de PCR
Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a clinic for sexually transmitted disease: Evaluation of cervical, urethral and rectal swab samples by polymerase chain reaction
Visits
15148
María del Carmen Nogalesa,
Corresponding author
mariac.nogales.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es

Correspondencia: Dra. M.C. Nogales. Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de Valme. Ctra. de Cádiz, s/n. 41114 Sevilla. España.
, Carmen Castroa, Mercedes Ramíreza, Isabel Pueyob, Luis Péreza, Rafael Jaranaa, Estrella Martína
a Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de Valme. Sevilla. España
b Centro de Prevención y Control de las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual. Santa María de Gracia. Sevilla. España
This item has received
Article information
Introducción

Se analizaron las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis en pacientes del Control de las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (CITS) de Sevilla y el diagnóstico microbiológico de la misma en distintos tipos de muestras.

Material y métodos

Entre los años 2002-2004 estudiamos 3.854 pacientes el 50,8% fueron mujeres y el 49,2% hombres, con una edad media de 30,1 años. El 54,9% de los pacientes atendidos pertenecían a grupos con prácticas sexuales de riesgo: 47% mujeres que ejercen la prostitución, 45% hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres (HSH), 4% usuarios de la prostitución, 4% heterosexuales promiscuos, 2,7% parejas en riesgo y 2,2% usuarios de drogas por vía parenteral (UDVP). Analizamos un total de 5.978 muestras de exudados: 2.384 cervicales, 2.645 uretrales y 949 rectales de pacientes HSH, por técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con el sistema COBAS Amplicor.

Resultados

La prevalencia de la infección por C. trachomatis fue del 6% (4,3% en la mujer y 7,8% en el hombre). Detectamos C. trachomatis en el 51,2% de las mujeres y el 70,5% de los hombres con factores de prácticas sexuales de riesgo, el 73,8% de las mujeres y el 36,9% de los hombres fueron asintomáticas. Los exudados cervicales, uretrales y rectales fueron positivos en el 4, 4,9 y 4,3%, respectivamente.

Conclusiones

Toma de muestras sistemática para la detección de C. trachomatis en pacientes sintomáticos o asintomáticos, con prácticas sexuales de riesgo así como la realización de controles periódicos y seguimiento de contactos, para detección precoz de infecciones de transmisión sexual. El estudio del exudado rectal es importante en pacientes HSH.

Palabras clave:
Chlamydia trachomatis
Infecciones de transmisión sexual
Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa
HSH
Exudado cervical
Exudado uretral
Exudado rectal
Introduction

The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in patients attended in a clinic for sexually transmitted disease in Seville (Spain). Microbiological diagnosis was performed in various types of samples.

Material and methods

The study included 3854 patients (50.8% women and 49.2% men, mean age 30.1 years) seen from 2002 to 2004. Among the total, 50% belonged to groups engaging in high risk sexual practices: female commercial sex workers (CSWs) (47%), men who maintain sexual relationships with other men (MSM) (45%), users of prostitution (4%), promiscuous heterosexual men (4%), those with a risk partner (2.7%) and injection drug users (IDU) (2.2%). We analyzed a total of 5978 samples (2384 cervical exudates, 2645 urethral exudates and 949 rectal exudates), for the detection of C. trachomatis by PCR technique with the COBAS Amplicor CT System.

Results

Prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 6% (4.3% in women and 7.8% in men). Among the total in women, 51.2% of positive samples were from women with high-risk sex factors and 73.8% of the women were asymptomatic. In men, the proportions were 70.5% and 36.9%, respectively. Cervical, urethral and rectal exudates yielded positive results in 4%, 4.9% and 4.3%, respectively.

Conclusions

Systematic sampling for C. trachomatis detection is necessary in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients practicing high-risk sex; periodic follow-up studies are also needed for early detection of sexually transmitted infection. Rectal sample collection is important for detecting this infection in MSM and in patients whose sexual habits make it advisable.

Key words:
Chlamydia trachomatis
Sexually transmitted infections
Polymerase chain reaction
MSM
Urethral swab
Cervical swab
Rectal swab
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
Sexually transmitted disease surveillance, 2001 Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. September 2002.
[2.]
M. Chávez, J. Vargas, I. Pueyo, A. Valverde, M.C. Serrano, R. Claro, et al.
Incidencia de la infección genitourinaria por Chlamydia trachomatis en el centro de ETS estimada mediante detección directa de antígeno.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 18 (2000), pp. 392-395
[3.]
A. Andreu, T. Pumarola, B. Sanz, L. Sobejano, J. Xercavins, O. Coll, et al.
Prevalencia de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis determinada mediante métodos de biología molecular.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 20 (2002), pp. 205-207
[4.]
L. Otero, J. García, J. Varela, V. Palacios, F. Vázquez.
Prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis en población de riesgo de Asturias.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 20 (2002), pp. 368-369
[5.]
J.F. Peipert.
Genital Chlamydial Infections.
N Engl J Med, 349 (2003), pp. 2424-2430
[6.]
D.H. Martín, M. Nsuami, J. Schachter, E.W. Hook III, D. Ferrero, T.C. Quinn, et al.
Use of Multiple Acid Amplification Test to Define the Infected-Patient “Gold Standard” in Clinical Trials of New Diagnostic Test for Chlamydia trachomatis Infections.
J Clin Microbiol, 42 (2004), pp. 4749-4758
[7.]
N.A. Lister, S.N. Tabrizi, C.K. Fairley, S. Garland.
Validation of Roche COBAS Amplicor Assay for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Rectal and Pharyngeal Specimens by an omp1 PCR Assay.
J Clin Microbiol, 42 (2004), pp. 239-241
[8.]
A. Ostergaard, E. Krarup, U. Johansen, K. Weismann, E. Gutschilk.
PCR for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical, urethral, rectal and pharyngeal swab samples obtained from patients attending an STD clinic.
Genotourin Med, 73 (1997), pp. 493-497
[9.]
M.R. Golden, S.G. Astete, R. Galvan, A. Luchetti, J. Sánchez, C.L. Celum, et al.
Pilot Study of COBAS PCR and Ligase Chain Reaction for Detection of Rectal Infections Due to Chlamydia trachomatis.
J Clin Microbiol, 41 (2003), pp. 2174-2175
[10.]
A.J. Winter, A.G. Gilleran, K. Eastick, J.D. Ross.
Comparison of a ligase chain reaction-based assay and cell culture for detection of pharyngeal carriage of Chlamydia trachomatis.
J Clin Microbiol, 38 (2000), pp. 3502-3504
[11.]
B. Toye, W. Woods, M. Bobrowska, K. Ratotar.
Inhibition of PCR in genital and urine specimens submitted for Chlamydia trachomatis testing.
J Clin Microbiol, 36 (1998), pp. 2356-2358
[12.]
S.A. Workowski, M.F. Lampe, K.G. Wong, M.B. Watt, W.E. Stamm.
Long-term eradication of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection after antimicrobial therapy. Evidence against persistent infection.
JAMA, 270 (1993), pp. 2071-2075
[13.]
L.W. Dicker, D.J. Mosure, R. Steece, K.M. Stone.
Laboratory Tests Used in U.S. Public Health Laboratories for Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2000.
Sex Transm Dis, 31 (2004), pp. 259-264
[14.]
B. Van Der Pol, T. Quinn, T. Gaydos, K. Crotchfelt, J. Moncada, D. Jungkind, et al.
Multicenter evaluation of the Amplicor and automated COBAS Amplicor CT/NG tests for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.
J Clin Microbiol, 38 (2000), pp. 1105-1112
[15.]
E.J. Perea, J. Aznar.
Género Chlamydia.
Microbiología Médica, pp. 413-425
[16.]
S.C. Davies, O. Brad, S. Partohudoyo, V.A. Chrisnadarmani, G.A. Neilsen, L. Ciaffi, et al.
Sexually Transmitted Infections Among female Sex Workers in Kupang, Indonesia: Searching for a Screening Algorithm, to Detect Cervical Gonococcal and Chlamydial Infections.
Sex Transm Dis, 30 (2003), pp. 671-679
[17.]
I.P. Jensen, H. Fogh, J. Prag.
Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in a sexually transmitted disease clinic: evaluation of a urine sample tested by enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction in comparison with a cervical and/or a urethral swab tested by culture and polymerase chain reaction.
Clin Microbiol Infect, 9 (2003), pp. 194-200
[18.]
W.C. Miller, C.A. Ford, M. Morris, M.S. Handcock, J.L. Schmitz, M.M. Hobbs, et al.
Prevalence of Chlamydial and Gonococcal infections among young adults in the United States.
JAMA, 291 (2004), pp. 2229-2236
[19.]
T. Pierpoint, B. Thomas, A. Judd, R. Brugha, D. Taylor-Robinson, A. Rent.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in young men in north west London.
Sex Transm Infect, 76 (2000), pp. 273-276
[20.]
H. Fredlund, L. Falk, M. Jurstrand, M. Unemo.
Molecular genetic methods for diagnosis and characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorroheae: impact on epidemiological surveillance and interventions.
PMIS, 112 (2004), pp. 771-784
[21.]
J.L. Wylie, T. Cabral, A.M. Jolly.
Identification of networks of sexually transmitted infection: a molecular, geographic, and social network analysis.
J Infect Dis, 6 (2005), pp. 899-906
[22.]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines.
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51 (2002), pp. 1-78
[23.]
A.G. Joyee, S.P. Thyagarajan, P. Rajendran, R. Hari, P. Balakrishnan, L. Jeyaseelan, STD Study Group, et al.
Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in apparently healthy adult population of Tamil Nadu, India: a population-based study.
Int J STD AIDS, 15 (2004), pp. 51-55
[24.]
S.A. Morré, I.GM. Van Valkengoed, R.M. Moes, A.J. Boeke, C.J. Meijer, A.J. Van den Brule.
Determination of Chlamydia trachomatis Prevalence in an Asymptomatic Screening Population: Performance of the LCx and COBAS Amplicor Test with Urine Specimens.
J Clin Microbiol, 37 (1999), pp. 3092-3096
[25.]
Chlamydia trachomatis infections of the adults. Sexually transmitted disease, 3th ed., pp. 407-422
[26.]
California Sexually Transmitted Disease Controllers Association (STDCA).
California Coalition of Local AD. Guidance for STD clinical preventive services for persons infected with HIV, 28 (2001), pp. 460-463
[27.]
K. Manavi, A. McMillan, H. Young.
The prevalence of rectal Chlamydial infection amongst men who have sex with men attending the genitourinary medicine clinic in Edinburg.
Int J STD AIDS, 15 (2004), pp. 162-164
[28.]
N.A. Lister, A. Smith, S. Tabrizi, P. Hayes, N.A. Medland, S. Garland, et al.
Screening for Neisseria gonorroheae and Chlamydia trachomatis in men who have sex with men at male-only saunas.
Sex Transm Dis, 30 (2003), pp. 886-889
[29.]
A.M. Rampalo, P. Robert, K. Johnson.
Empirical therapy for the management of acute proctitis in homosexual men.
JAMA, 260 (1988), pp. 348-353
[30.]
L. Ostergaard, B. Andersen, J.K. Moller, F. Olensen, A.M. Worm.
Managing partners of people diagnosed with Chlamydia trachomatis: a comparison of two partner testing methods.
Sex Transm Infect, 79 (2003), pp. 358-362
Copyright © 2007. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos