Article information
Resumen
La duración del tratamiento antibiótico en los pacientes que presentan un proceso infeccioso se fundamenta en consideraciones empíricas. La infección intraabdominal no es ajena a este hecho. Por ello, la duración aconsejable del tratamiento antibiótico de la infección intraabdominal es un tema controvertido y no hay consenso a este respecto debido a la ausencia de estudios controlados que aporten suficiente evidencia científica. Una duración excesiva en el tratamiento antibiótico puede condicionar un mayor riesgo en el desarrollo de resistencias bacterianas y un aumento en los costes relacionados con el tratamiento. Estas consideraciones han tenido como consecuencia la exploración de estrategias con “tratamientos cortos” de 3-5 días con resultados alentadores. No obstante, el desarrollo de marcadores biológicos como la procalcitonina abre una puerta al tratamiento individualizado, de tal forma que la duración del tratamiento antibiótico en la infección intraabdominal, así como en otras infecciones, se ajuste a la respuesta individual de cada paciente.
Palabras clave:
Infección intraabdominal
Peritonitis secundaria
Duración del tratamiento antibiótico
Procalcitonina
Abstract
The duration of antibiotic treatment in patients with an infectious process is based on empirical considerations and those with intraabdominal infections are no exception. Therefore, the recommended duration of antibiotic therapy in intraabdominal infection is controversial and no consensus has been reached due to the lack of controlled studies that would provide sufficient scientific evidence. Excessive duration of antibiotic therapy can increase the risk of developing bacterial resistance as well as treatmentassociated costs. These considerations have led to the exploration of “short-term treatment” strategies, lasting 3-5 days, with encouraging results. However, the development of biomarkers such as procalcitonin opens the door to individualized treatment that might allow the duration of antibiotic treatment in intraabdominal and other infections to be individually tailed to patient response.
Keywords:
Intraabdominal infection
Secondary peritonitis
Duration of antibiotic treatment
Procalcitonin
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