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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Eficacia del raltegravir: desde los voluntarios sanos a la fase III
Journal Information
Vol. 26. Issue S12.
Raltegravir: el primer inhibidor de la integrasa del VIH
Pages 29-33 (November 2008)
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Vol. 26. Issue S12.
Raltegravir: el primer inhibidor de la integrasa del VIH
Pages 29-33 (November 2008)
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Eficacia del raltegravir: desde los voluntarios sanos a la fase III
Efficacy of raltegravir: from healthy volunteers to phase III trials
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José M. Gatell
Corresponding author
gatell0@attglobal.net

Correspondencia: Servicio de Infecciones. Hospital Clinic. IDIBAPS. Universidad de Barcelona. Villarroel, 170. 08036 Barcelona. España.
Servicio de Infecciones. Hospital Clinic. IDIBAPS. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona. España
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Article information

Raltegravir es el primer inhibidor de la integración del ADN del VIH en el ADN del cromosoma humano. En los estudios realizados desde fase I a fase III ha demostrado que posee una potente acción antirretroviral, más rápida que la de los inhibidores de proteasa. La dosis seleccionada en los estudios de eficacia es de 400 mg cada 12 h, si bien se está estudiando la posibilidad, gracias a su favorable perfil farmacocinético, de la administración de 600 a 800 mg una vez al día. Dado que no se metaboliza por el sistema del citocromo P450, su potencial para las interacciones farmacológicas es bajo. Además, al no existir una enzima celular humana análoga a la integrasa del VIH, su potencial toxicidad es baja. Posee una barrera genética intermedia, por lo que la selección de mutaciones de resistencia le confiere al VIH una alta resistencia fenotípica que podría ser cruzada con otros inhibidores de la integrasa. Por todo ello, raltegravir se perfila como un fármaco atractivo tanto en pacientes naïves, pretratados y en pautas de simplificación.

Palabras clave:
Raltegravir
Inhibidor de la integrasa
VIH
Simplificación

Raltegravir is the first in a new class of antiretroviral treatments called integrase inhibitors, which work by preventing HIV from inserting its genetic material into the DNA of the human chromosome. Phase I-III studies have shown this drug to have potent antiretroviral action, which is more rapid than that of protease inhibitors. The dose selected in efficacy studies is 400 mg every 12 h. However, due to the favorable pharmacokinetic profile of raltegravir, the possibility of administration of 600 to 800 mg once daily is under study. Given that this drug is not metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, the potential for pharmacological interactions is low. Moreover, because humans lack a cellular homologue for HIV integrase, raltegravir has a low potential for toxicity. Raltegravir has an intermediate genetic barrier and consequently there may be cross-resistance across the integrase inhibitor class. For all these reasons, raltegravir is an attractive option in treatment-naïve and pretreated patients and in those receiving simplification regimens.

Key words:
Raltegravir
Integrase inhibitor
HIV
Simplification
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