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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Factores pronósticos de respuesta virológica en pacientes tratados con lopinav...
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Vol. 26. Issue S16.
Lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir en monoterapia para el tratamiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Pages 27-33 (December 2008)
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Vol. 26. Issue S16.
Lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir en monoterapia para el tratamiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Pages 27-33 (December 2008)
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Factores pronósticos de respuesta virológica en pacientes tratados con lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir en monoterapia
Prognostic factors of virological response in patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy
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Ignacio Pérez Valero
Corresponding author
ignacioperezvalero@gmail.com

Correspondencia: Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Paseo de la Castellana, 261. 28046 Madrid. España.
Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario la Paz. Madrid. España
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En 9 ensayos clínicos se ha analizado si el uso de la monoterapia con lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir puede ser una alternativa válida al tratamiento antirretroviral triple. Cuatro de estos ensayos clínicos incluyeron un análisis de los factores de riesgo para fallo virológico. El estudio MONARK evaluó la monoterapia en pacientes naïve. El M03-613 evaluó la monoterapia tras un período de inducción con tratamiento triple. En el estudio de Sprinz et al y en los estudios OK se evaluó la monoterapia como mantenimiento de la supresión virológica. La eficacia de la monoterapia fue variable en función del escenario. En el escenario de inducción-mantenimiento los factores que se relacionaron con la aparición de fallo virológico fueron la adherencia subóptima y los valores de CD4 basales bajos. En el escenario de mantenimiento, fueron la adherencia subóptima, el nadir de CD4 y la hemoglobina baja. En pacientes naïve, el riesgo de fracaso aumentó en pacientes que no alcanzaron una carga viral menor de 400 copias/ml a las 4 semanas de iniciar el tratamiento y en los pacientes infectados por subtipos no-B (factor probablemente también relacionado con adherencia subóptima).

Palabras clave:
Lopinavir potenciado con ritonavir
Monoterapia
Factores de riesgo

Nine clinical trials have analyzed whether the use of lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy could be a valid alternative to triple antiretroviral therapy. Four of these clinical trials included an analysis of risk factors for virological failure. The MONARK study evaluated monotherapy in treatment-naïve patients. The M03-613 trial evaluated monotherapy after a period of induction therapy with triple combination antiretroviral therapy. The study by Sprinz et al and the OK studies evaluated monotherapy as maintenance of virological suppression. The efficacy of monotherapy varied according to the scenario. In the scenario of induction-maintenance, the factors related to virological failure were suboptimal adherence and low baseline CD4 counts. In the scenario of maintenance, the factors related to virological failure were suboptimal adherence, nadir CD4 count and low hemoglobin. In treatment-naïve patients, the risk of virological failure increased in patients who did not achieve a viral load of less than 400 copies/ml 4 weeks after initiating treatment and in those infected with non-B subtypes (a factor that was probably also related to suboptimal adherence).

Key words:
Lopinavir-ritonavir
Monotherapy
Risk factors
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Copyright © 2008. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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