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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones por Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes...
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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
Pages 72-76 (February 2003)
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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
Pages 72-76 (February 2003)
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Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones por Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes a ceftacidima
Risk factors associated with ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection
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Joaquín Bermejoa,1
Corresponding author
jbermejo@infovia.com.ar

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Bermejo. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Español. Sarmiento, 3150. 2000 Rosario. Argentina
, Patricia Lesnaberesa, Nora Arnesib, Mariano Gianelloa, Rodolfo Notarioc, Noemí Bordac, Telma Gambandéc, Blanca Bencomod
a Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas
b Departamento de Estadíica
c Servicios de Microbiología
d Farmacia. Hospital Español Rosario. Argentina
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Introducción

Los factores de riesgo asociados a las infecciones debidas a Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes a ceftacidima (CAZ-R) pueden variar entre las instituciones y en el tiempo. El conocimiento de factores propios son de relevancia para adecuar los programas de control de infecciones de los diferentes hospitales.

Métodos

Se utilizó estudio de casos y controles para investigar los asociados a las infecciones debidas a K. pneumoniae CAZ-R. Se compararon 32 casos con 28 controles ingresados en un hospital general de 200 camas y complejidad intermedia, durante los años 1999 y 2000.

Resultados

En el análisis univariado el aislamiento de K. pneumoniae CAZ-R se asoció significativamente con la adquisición nosocomial (odds ratio [OR], 17,40), uso previo de antibióticos (OR, 14,94) especialmente ciprofloxacino (OR, 5) y el tiempo ingreso-muestra superior a 6 días (OR, 6,72). Al aplicar regresión logística sólo alcanzaron significación la adquisición nosocomial (OR, 9,29), el uso previo de antibióticos (OR, 6,21) y particularmente el uso de ciprofloxacino (OR, 10,84).

Conclusiones

Nuestro hospital debe realizar esfuerzos tendientes a reducir el consumo de antibióticos, sobre todo ciprofloxacino, junto con otras medidas de control de infecciones como estrategia para reducir la prevalencia de K. pneumoniae CAZ-R.

Palabras clave:
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Betalactamasa de espectro extendido
Factores de riesgo
Introduction

Risk factors associated with ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CAZ-R Kp)infection may vary among hospitals and in the same hospital at different time points. Knowledge of these factors is required to establish suitable infection control programs.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted to assess risk factors for CAZ-R Kp infection. Thirty-two cases were compared with 28 controls admitted to a 200-bed general hospital during 1999 and 2000.

Results

In the univariate analysis Kp CAZ-R isolates were significantly associated with nosocomial acquisition(OR = 17.40), prior antibiotic use (OR = 14.94), particularly ciprofloxacin use (OR = 5), and hospitalization stay of more than 6 days (OR = 6.72). Significantly associated variables in the logistic regression analysis included nosocomial acquisition (OR = 9.29), prior antibiotic use(OR = 6.21), and particularly, ciprofloxacin use (OR = 10.84).

Conclusions

Efforts toward more rational overall antibiotic use and particularly ciprofloxacin use, combined with infection control measures are necessary to decrease the prevalence of CAZ-R Kp in our hospital.

Key words:
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
Risk factors
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