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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
Pages 126-130 (March 2003)
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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
Pages 126-130 (March 2003)
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Haemophilus influenzae: características fenotípicas de las cepas aisladas en 12 hospitales catalanes durante un año
Haemophilus influenzae: phenotype characteristics of strains isolated in 12 Catalan hospitals over one year
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Cristina Latorre1
Corresponding author
clatorre@hsjdbcn.org

Correspondencia: Dra. C. Latorre. Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu. P.º Sant Joan de Déu, 2. 08950 Esplugues. Barcelona. España
, Isabel Sanfeliu
Grupo de Trabajo de Hospitales Comarcales de Cataluñaa
a Grupo de Trabajo de Hospitales Comarcales de Cataluña: Montserrat Sierra, Carme Gallés, Carmina Martí, Xavier Raga, Josefina Guimerà, Teresa Bastida, Josep Manuel Villó, Asunción Gasós, Anna Vilamala, María Antònia Morera (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues; Corporació Parc Taulí, Sabadell; Hospital de Barcelona SCIAS, Barcelona; Hospital de Calella; Hospital de Granollers; Hospital Sant Pau i Santa Tecla, Tarragona; Hospital de Sant Celoni; Hospital de l’Esperit Sant, Santa Coloma; Pius Hospital de Valls; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Martorell; Hospital de l’Alt Penedés, Vilafranca y Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa). España
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Introducción

El propósito del presente trabajo es conocer las características antigénicas, bioquímicas, de sensibilidad a antibióticos y mecanismos de adquisición de resistencia de las cepas de Haemophilus influenzae aisladas en diversos hospitales de Cataluña, como exponente de la situación actual en nuestra zona.

Métodos

Se estudió el serotipo, biotipo y la producción de betalactamasa, así como la sensibilidad a ocho antimicrobianos (ampicilina, cefuroxima, cefotaxima, cefixima, claritromicina, cotrimoxazol, cloranfenicol y ciprofloxacino) de 497 cepas de H. influenzae aisladas durante un año (1-05-1999 a 30-04-2000) en 12 hospitales de Cataluña.

Resultados

El 97,5% de las cepas fueron no tipificables. De entre las cepas capsuladas, sólo el 50% correspondían al serotipo b, siendo todas ellas de niños menores de 5 años. Hubo un predominio del biotipo II, aunque no se detectó tropismo etario ni patológico de ningún biotipo. Nuestra serie confirma la tendencia ya constatada en nuestra zona a la disminución de resistencia a ampicilina por producción de betalactamasa, especialmente en cepas de origen pediátrico; en pediatría prevalecieron en cambio las cepas betalactamasa negativas resistentes a ampicilina (BNRA) sobre las aisladas de adultos. Se detectó una cepa resistente a ciprofloxacino.

Conclusiones

En nuestra zona hay pocas infecciones por H. influenzae capsulado y ha disminuido la importancia relativa del serotipo b. Hay tendencia a adquisición de resistencia a ampicilina por mecanismos alternativos a la producción de betalactamasa. Debe vigilarse la sensibilidad a ciprofloxacino para detectar posibles fallos terapéuticos en tratamientos con esta quinolona.

Palabras clave:
Haemophilus influenzae
Betalactamasa
Resistencia
Estudio multicéntrico
Introduction

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antigenic and biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, and mechanisms for acquiring resistance of Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in several Catalan hospitals, to determine the current situation regarding this microorganism in our area.

Methods

Serotype, biotype and betalactamase production, as well as susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefixime, clarithromycin, co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin) were determined in 497 H. influenzae strains isolated from 1 May 1999 to 30 April 2000 in 12 Catalan hospitals.

Results

Among the total, 97.5% of strains were nontypable and 50% of the encapsulated strains were serotype b (all isolated from children under 5 years old). There was a predominance of biotype II, though no age or pathologic tropism was found among any of the biotypes. Our series confirms the previously reported trend to decreasing betalactamase mediated ampicillin resistance in our area, mainly in strains from pediatric patients. More betalactamase negative ampicillin-resistant strains (BLNAR) were isolated in children than in adults. One ciprofloxacin-resistant strain was detected.

Conclusions

Infections caused by encapsulated H. influenzae strains are infrequent in our area and the relative importance of serotype b is decreasing. Mechanisms for acquiring ampicillin resistance other than betalactamase production are emerging. Surveillance of ciprofloxacin susceptibility is required to predict therapeutic failures with this quinolone.

Key words:
Haemophilus influenzae
Betalactamase
Resistance
Multi-center study
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Copyright © 2003. Elsevier Ltd. Todos los derechos reservados
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