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Vol. 22. Issue 6.
Pages 332-336 (June 2004)
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Vol. 22. Issue 6.
Pages 332-336 (June 2004)
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Linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central en pacientes con sida
Primary central nervous system lymphomas in AIDS patients
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Marcelo Corti1
Corresponding author
marcelocorti@ciudad.com.ar

Correspondencia: Dr. M. Corti. Puan, 381, 2.° c1406 CQG. Buenos Aires. Argentina.
, Florencia Villafañe, Norberto Trione, Ricardo Schtirbu, Claudio Yampolsky, Marina Narbaitz
Unidad 10 y Laboratorio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas F.J. Muñiz. Instituto de Investigaciones Oncohematológicas. Academia Nacional de Medicina. Buenos Aires. Argentina
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Introducción

El linfoma primario es la neoplasia más frecuente del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en pacientes con sida.

Métodos

Se analizaron de manera retrospectiva las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos en las neuroimágenes, los métodos de diagnóstico, las características histológicas, la detección del ADN del virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB) por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) y tejido cerebral y la evolución de 18 pacientes con sida y linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central (LPSNC).

Resultados

La incidencia global de LPSNC fue de 2,6%; 15 eran varones, con una edad media de 33,6 años. Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes fueron los déficit neurológicos focales y las convulsiones. La media de linfocitos T CD4†fue de 44 cél./μl. Los LPSNC se presentaron como lesiones grandes y únicas en 14 pacientes (77,8%). Todas presentaron efecto de masa y edema perilesional. La detección del ADN del VEB en biopsias de tejido cerebral fue positiva en 9 pacientes. En siete de estos 9 casos, además, se detectó el ADN del VEB por PCR en muestras de LCR. La mediana de supervivencia luego del diagnóstico fue de 75 días.

Conclusiones

Este estudio confirma la asociación entre el VEB y estos tumores. Los LPSNC se asociaron con mal pronóstico y corta supervivencia en este grupo de pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Sida
SNC
Linfomas
Introduction

Primary lymphoma is the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS) in AIDS patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, diagnostic methods used, histological characteristics, detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain smears, and outcome of 18 HIV/AIDS patients with primary CNS lymphoma.

Results

The overall incidence of primary CNS lymphoma was 2.6%. Fifteen were men and mean age was 33.6 years. The most frequent clinical findings were focal neurological deficits and seizures. The mean CD4 T cell count at the time of diagnosis was 44 cells/μl. Primary CNS lymphoma presented as single, large (> 2.5 cm) lesions in 14 patients (77.8%). All the lesions were associated with a mass effect and surrounding edema. EBV DNA was detected in nine brain smears. In seven of these nine cases, EBV DNA was also found in CSF by PCR. Median survival after specific diagnosis was 75 days.

Conclusions

This study upholds a link between EBV and these tumors. Primary CNS lymphoma was associated with a poor prognosis and short survival in this cohort of patients.

Key words:
Aids
CNS
Lymphomas
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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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