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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Proteína C reactiva como marcador de infección en pacientes con traumatismo ce...
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Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 61-65 (February 2001)
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Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 61-65 (February 2001)
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Proteína C reactiva como marcador de infección en pacientes con traumatismo cerrado grave
C reactive protein as marker of infection among patients with severe closed trauma
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Juan Manuel Flores1
Corresponding author
juanmaflores@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Dr. Juan M. Flores.Servicio de Cuidados íticos y Urgencias. UCI-HRT.Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío.Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n. 41013-Sevilla.Teléfono: 955012578.Fax: 955012527
, Pedro Ignacio Jiménez, Ma Dolores Rincón, Juan Antonio Márquez, Ma Angeles Muñoz, Francisco Murillo
Servicio de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla
Herminia Navarroa
a Servicio de Análisis Clínico
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Article information
Fundamento

La lesión traumática y la infección son capaces de desencadenar la denominada respuesta de fase aguda. La proteína C reactiva (PCR), proteína de fase aguda, se ha estudiado como indicador para distinguir pacientes críticos con y sin infección.

Objetivo

Estudiar la evolución inicial de la PCR en pacientes con traumatismo cerrado grave y estimar su valor como posible marcador de infección de aparición temprana.

Métodos

Estudio prospectivo durante cuatro meses en 54 pacientes mayores de 14 años, con traumatismo cerrado grave (Injury Severity Score ≥16 puntos) y con estancia en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos ≥7 días. En todos los pacientes se registró la presencia de infección documentada microbiológicamente durante la primera semana y se determinó PCR diaria.

Resultados

Veintiocho pacientes (51,8%) desarrollaron infección durante la primera semana de ingreso, con una mediana de día de diagnóstico de 6. La infección más frecuente fue la neumonía (50%) y los microorganismos aislados con mayor frecuencia fueron los bacilos gram negativos(63,3%). En los pacientes infectados, la PCR presentó niveles significativamente más elevados que en los no infectados a partir del día 4 de evolución, con una mediana superior a los 170 mg/l a partir de dicho día. El análisis con curva ROC (receiver operating characteristies) mostro que un valor de corte de 109,5 mg/l proporciona una sensibilidad del 78,6% y una especificidad del 73,1% para clasificar a los pacientes como infectados o no.

Conclusiones

La PCR presenta una evolución diferente en los pacientes traumatizados graves con y sin infección de aparición temprana, pudiendo ser un marcador complementario útil en el diagnóstico de infección a partir del cuarto día de evolución. Un valor de PCR ≥110 mg/l debe sugerir un proceso infeccioso subyacente.

Palabras clave:
proteína C reactiva
infección
traumatismo cerrado grave
Background

Injury and infection are characterized by the activation of the acute phase proteins response. Creactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein, has been mentioned as an useful indicator of infection and sepsis in critically ill patients.

Objective

To study the evolution of serum CRP in patients with severe blunt trauma and to ascertain its ability as a biological marker of infection during the first seven days after injury.

Methods

We prospectively studied 54 patients with blunt trauma (injury severity score?16) age>14 years and length of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) estay??7 days, over a 4-month period. Culture-proven infections were collected and serum CRP was determinated every day, during the first week after ICU admission.

Results

Twenty-eight patients (51.8%) developed an infection during the first week, and the median day of diagnosis of infection was day 6. Pneumonia was the most common infection (50%) and Gram-negative bacilli (63.3%) were the most common microorganisms recovered. Serum CRP levels were significantly higher in the infected patients group after day 4, showing a median value higher than 170 mg/l. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a cutoff value of 109.5 mg/l for CRP gives a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specifity of 73.1% in predicting the presence of infection.

Conclusions

The course of serum CRP levels is different in the group of patients with severe blunt trauma and infection, compared with the non-infected group during the first week after injury and it could be an useful supplementary marker forinfection after postinjury day 4. A value of 110 mg/l or higher for CRP should suggest an underlying infectious complication.

Key words:
C- reactive protein
infection
severe blunt trauma
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Copyright © 2001. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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