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Letter to the Editor
About “Executive summary of the GeSIDA consensus document on control and monitoring of HIV-infected patients”
Acerca de “Resumen ejecutivo del Documento de Consenso de GeSIDA sobre el control y la monitorización de la infección por el VIH”
Joao Luis Modesto dos Santosa,
Corresponding author
jmodestosantos@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Montserrat Lagunob, Alexy Inciarteb, Ana González-Cordónb
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
b Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We read with great interest the &#8220;Executive summary of the GeSIDA consensus document on control and monitoring of HIV-infected patients&#8221; of the AIDS Study Group &#40;GeSIDA&#41; of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> It is a magnificent summary on the main topics related with the control and monitoring of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus &#40;HIV&#41; and their continuous follow up&#44; providing clear and useful recommendations&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As stated in this consensus&#44; due to the increasing knowledge regarding HIV medicine&#44; treatment and comorbidities&#44; there is a growing complexity in assessing people living with HIV &#40;PLWH&#41;&#44; with a necessary demand for highly specialized units&#46; Although we recognize the difficulties of a comprehensive evaluation of these patients&#44; we miss in this consensus a specific mention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease &#40;COPD&#41; in PLWH&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Different reviews have described COPD in PLWH&#44; showing an increasing prevalence of COPD in PLWH compared to general population as it happens with other comorbidities&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Smoking is the major predictor of COPD appearance <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> and smoking habit is increased in PLWH&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; the relation between COPD and HIV is not limited to tobacco exposure&#44; as exposure to HIV is a predisposing factor for COPD independently from tobacco consumption&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> The prevalence of COPD in PLWH can be higher than 10&#37;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> making it a medical condition that implies a considerate burden in quality of life and mortality&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> However&#44; COPD in PLWH seems to be largely undiagnosed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Even though the underlying pathogenesis of COPD in PLWH is not entirely clear&#44; it seems that immune variations such as a low CD4 cell count&#44; a low CD4 nadir&#44; or low CD4&#47;CD8 ratio&#44; that contribute to accelerated aging and are associated with the risk of cardiovascular&#44; renal or neurological comorbidities&#44; are also involved in COPD development&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Decline of respiratory function seems to be higher in PLWH than in HIV negative individuals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Both lower CD4 cell counts and higher HIV viral load were associated with an accelerated decline of respiratory function &#40;FEV1 and FVC&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;8</span></a> Additionally&#44; PLHW suffering from COPD&#44; compared to those without such comorbidity&#44; present a higher number of hospitalizations for a respiratory-related condition&#44; a higher incidence of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> and higher mortality rates&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the light of the evidence described&#44; we believe that COPD prevention&#44; diagnosis and treatment in PLWH deserves a more relevant position&#46; We suggest to follow the European AIDS Clinical Society Guidelines regarding chronic lung disease screening in PLWH&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> These guidelines identify risk patients to be screened as those having three conditions&#58; &#40;1&#41; being 40 years or older&#44; &#40;2&#41; an accumulated smoking history of 10 pack years&#44; and &#40;3&#41; to present in a regular basis respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath&#44; productive or non-productive cough and wheezing&#46; Patients with these three conditions should be assessed with spirometry with bronchodilation study and CO diffusion capacity test&#44; in order to acknowledge the presence and reversibility of airflow limitations&#46; Furthermore&#44; inquiry regarding tobacco consumption is fundamental for the implementation of risk reduction policies and information about the health benefits of smoking cessation should be provided and encouraged&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;10</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; we believe that&#44; in addition to other comorbidities&#44; COPD is an important condition for PLWH with relevant implications on life expectancy and quality of life&#46; Unfortunately&#44; it is largely underdiagnosed in PLWH&#44; which might reflect a lack of awareness of its relevance in this population&#46; We believe that the importance of COPD diagnosis and prevention in PLWH should be underlined and that future consensus should include COPD evaluation in their recommendations&#44; as physicians&#8217; awareness on its prevention and diagnosis would improve the care we provide to PLWH&#46;</p></span>"
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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos