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Letter to the Editor
Rational use of antimicrobials in home hospitalisation
Uso racional de antimicrobianos en hospitalización a domicilio
Manuel Mirón-Rubio
Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the article published by S&#225;nchez Fabra et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> the authors draw attention to the margin for improvement in the quality of prescribing of antimicrobial agents in hospital at home &#40;HaH&#41; for patients with pneumonia&#44; mainly in terms of de-escalation &#40;reduction of the antimicrobial spectrum&#41; and sequential therapy &#40;change from intravenous to oral&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For some years now&#44; a range of studies have drawn attention to the inappropriate use of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial treatment&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#8211;6</span></a> particularly in care models in which the clinical monitoring and maintenance of parenteral therapy is not in the hands of experienced professionals&#44; but rather depends on outsourced agencies or services used in an attempt to facilitate early discharge from hospitals&#46; Moreover&#44; several publications have also warned of an unusually high number of complications of outpatient intravenous treatment&#44; particularly associated with venous access&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The hospital-based model of HaH does not appear to be exposed to the level of risk of inappropriate antimicrobial treatment and complications that other studies describe&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> However&#44; as S&#225;nchez Fabra et al point out&#44; the fact that about half of the patients in the study did not have de-escalation or sequential therapy when indicated is no trivial matter&#46; Analysing this situation and adapting to the recommendations of the guidelines is a requirement for any healthcare model -no less for hospital at home- and it has been shown that there is room for improvement&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nonetheless&#44; the study leaves unanswered questions that deserve a more detailed analysis&#46; As the authors argue&#44; there could be circumstances not included in the medical records which might require IV antibiotic therapy to continue for longer than recommended in the clinical practice guidelines&#46; As far as de-escalation is concerned&#44; at times&#44; reducing the spectrum of antimicrobial activity can mean the use of drugs with greater frequency of administration&#44; and this may be a limitation&#44; depending on the organisation&#44; resources and coverage hours of the hospital-at-home units&#46; That may not be a sufficient reason to continue an antibiotic with a higher spectrum of activity&#44; but the alternative may sometimes be for the patient to remain in hospital&#44; an option which is also not without risk&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition&#44; the authors observed that patients coming from Accident and Emergency &#40;A&#38;E&#41; had a better quality of prescription &#40;request for tests&#44; adequacy of the prescription&#44; de-escalation&#44; sequential therapy&#44; duration of treatment&#41; than those who came from the ward&#46; This difference would be worrying if the assignment to a conventional admission or hospital at home directly from A&#38;E had been random&#46; However&#44; this was not the case&#44; and the fact that the patients admitted directly from A&#38;E were younger and had less comorbidity does not allow us to conclude that the differences are due to the care by a single physician &#40;for the HaH&#41; being more ideal than the care by two &#40;ward and HaH&#41;&#46; As the authors argue&#44; in the case of readmissions at 30 days&#44; the aspect that seemed to weigh most heavily on the quality of the prescription were the characteristics of the patient and not the dynamics of the HaH&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study does not specify whether or not the mean hospital stay of 2&#46;5 days included patients admitted directly to hospital at home from A&#38;E&#46; If they were not included&#44; the stay was short enough for the HaH practitioner to have made the decision about de-escalation or sequential therapy with the same diligence as previously non-hospitalised patients&#44; and would be another argument in favour of the differences observed being due to the profile of the patients&#46; If the calculation of the mean stay included patients admitted from A&#38;E &#40;in which case the mean stay would be longer&#44; considering only conventionally hospitalised patients&#41;&#44; the deficiency in the treatment could have already occurred on the inpatient ward&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary&#44; this is a necessary article alerting to the need to implement programmes for rational use of antimicrobials in hospital at home with the same rigour as in hospitals&#46;</p></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 2529993X
Original language: English
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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos