The relationship of parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Bali in 2019

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These factors point to the population since it influences the population in Indonesia. As we know, Indonesia is the 4th country with the largest population in the world after China and India. Based on 2010 census data, the population in Indonesia amounted to 230 million people with a population growth rate of 1.49%, and the year after census data showed that the Indonesian population amounted to 244.2 million people with a population growth rate of 1.49% still. It is expected that the population explosion in 2030s will be a serious problem if it is not addressed. With this fact, the government is incessantly making a policy to reduce the population explosion in Indonesia, one of which is the family planning program which until now has become the most feasible step to succeed in preventing population explosion.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">1</a>One of the problems in the management of family planning programs is the high number of unmet need for family planning in Indonesia. In such conditions, family planning program needs to be immediately promoted and reactivated, otherwise population explosion will occur again. Unmet need is a group that has not met their contraceptive needs, including all men or eligible women who are married or living together and are considered sexually active, yet do not use contraceptive methods, whether because they do not want to have more children or delay the next birth.The great number of unmet need is a problem for the government, because it will not only be the main reason for population explosion but also can affect the height of MMR in Indonesia since it is one of the factors causing 75% of maternal deaths in Indonesia and around the globe. Women of reproductive age who do not use family planning have a high chance of becoming pregnant and experiencing complications during pregnancy. This can be caused by abortion due to unwanted pregnancy, the gap of pregnancy is too close, giving birth too much, complications of the disease during pregnancy, as well as complication during labor and the puerperium.Based on data coverage of family planning use in Desa Gadungan, the percentage of the unmet need for family planning is quite large with 23.8%. This number is quite high so it needs to be lowered, seeing the impact that will be caused is large as well. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim to investigate relationship of parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning in the village of Gadungan in order to reduce the percentage of it based on the causes.Review of literatureDefinitionUnmet need can be defined as a group that has not met their contraceptive needs, including all men or illegible women who are married or living together and are considered sexually active, yet do not use contraceptive methods, either because do not want to have more children or delay the next birth. The IDHS results in 2012 show that the unmet need for contraception in Indonesia is 11.4%. This high number of unmet need is one of the causes that 2.1 TFR in 2014 that cannot be achieved.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">2</a>The correlation between unmet need and family planningIn 2009, Indonesian government law no. 52 that concerns on the population and family development, BKKBN changed from National Family Planning Coordinating Agency to the National Population and Family Planning Agency. The Indonesia family planning programs have been recognized nationally and internationally to significantly reducing fertility rates. It is supported by the survey conducted by IDHS (2003) that finds out that the total fertility rate (TFR) decreased from 2.4 to 2.3 in the same survey conducted in 2007. However, that does not mean that the population problem in Indonesia is done with, yet it is strived to be maintained. One of the problems in the management of the programs is the great number of unmet need for family planning in Indonesia.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">4</a>Factors that influence unmet need in IndonesiaGenerally, unmet need for family planning occurs mostly in women who face financial, educational, geographical and social barriers. Other factors in the community such as culture, service quality, the existence of transportation routes, and the characteristics of regions also play roles in the use of contraception. In addition, the availability of supporting resources such as limited funding support to conduct family planning development also lead to limited access to information on family planning services. The differences in family planning behavior are linked to various factors such as demographic and socio-economic characteristics.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090">3–5</a>A study conducted in Gwalior suggests that unmet need factors are mostly from husband's support and information exposure. In line with that, studies in India reveals that religion, husband's support and work also become a consideration. Lastly, a person's age also has a significant effect on meeting contraceptive needs. The group of young and old women has a high risk of experiencing unmet need for family planning because this group does not realize that they have potential complications during pregnancy. This is because of demographic factors where the younger or lower a woman's age at her first marriage will have an impact on the length of reproductive age and the fertility rate will be higher.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0105">6–8</a>MethodA cross sectional survey was conducted on August 2018 to February 2019. Sampling was done randomly through simple random sampling. The number of samples was 54 people who are categorized as eligible women. Data were collected through questionnaire filled in by respondents who had previously been given an explanation of the procedures and objectives of the study. The questionnaire about patriarchal culture consists of 5 questions. Respondents were declared to be culturally patriarchy if the score obtained was ≥3, on the contrary it was said to be not cultured patriarchy if the score obtained was <3. The unmet need for family planning questionnaire consists of 2 questions, respondents were stated unmet need for family planning if the score obtained is <2. Data analysis was done by Chi-square test using the STATA Program.Findings and discussionGadungan Village is situated in Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency. Considering its geographical condition, Gadungan Village is quite strategic because the access is quite good and the distance to Tabanan City is only ±14km. Gadungan Village consists of 10 zones which are spread over an area of ±6km2 and with a population of 3153 people in 2016.This research was conducted in three zones in Gadungan Village, namely Br. Wani, Br. Carik Kauh and Br. Pondok Kelod with 54 respondents. Data collection was carried out from 1 to 15 December 2018. Characteristics of respondents are explained in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> indicates that the majority of respondents are >35 years old, which is 32 people (59.3%). Viewed from the educational background, most of the respondents had senior high school education with 28 people (51.9%). In terms of parity, the majority of respondents were multiparous with 33 people (61.1%). Most respondents did not adhere to patriarchal culture with 40 people (74.1%). Most of the respondents were fertile women who were not unmet need for family planning with 46 people (85.2%).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the results of an analysis of the relationship between parity and unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency in 2019. The analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between parity and unmet need for family planning, with p-value (0.03). Primipara respondents who are unmet need for family planning as much as 62.5%. Whereas multipara respondents, which constitute unmet need for family planning are 37.5%.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia>Sahoo and Palacio's study in Santy argue that the pattern of contraceptive use differs between women with high parity and low parity. Contraceptive use is increasing in women with high parity. The sex and number of living children has a major influence on the acceptance of the family planning method. The more living children in a family, the more contraceptive use will be. Women with one living child will have lower contraceptive use than those who have two or more than three children. Women with a small number of children have the desire to get children of different sexes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">9</a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> shows the results of an analysis of the relationship of patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village, East Selemadeg District, Tabanan Regency in 2019. The analysis reveals that there is a significant relationship between patriarchal culture and unmet need for family planning, with p-value (0.02). Respondents who adhere to patriarchal culture and categorized as unmet need for Family planning are as much as 25%%, while respondents who did not adhere to a patriarchal culture which constituted unmet need for family planning are 75%.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia>Patriarchy can also be defined as the state of society that places men in higher position than women in all aspects including social, cultural and economic life. The respondents tend to adopt a patriarchal culture because answers are still found within families where men are placed in front women, this means that in the family the position of men is higher than that of women.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">2</a>As explained by Widianti (2005: 213) women are in the lower strata so they fear that their autonomy is different from other members in the family while the notion of autonomy is the ability to act, and make decisions on their own volition. This gap can be measured by looking at the rights in decision making and in family planning programs. Women's rights are often overlooked in decision making. In fact, it is the most essential right, including in the decision to become an acceptor. The decision of the mother who is willing to become a family planning acceptor is closely related to the patriarchal culture adopted in the family both in masculinity, and in the authority to make decisions as acceptors. The husband's request is a proof that men have authority in making decisions not to become a family planning acceptor, on the other hand, eligible women or a mother will be reluctant/forced not to become a family planning acceptor even though the age of these women have passed a healthy reproductive period.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">10</a>ConclusionUnmer need for family planning in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan is quite high (14.8%) and the respondents who adhere to patriarchal culture are quite large too with 25.9%. There is a significant relationship between parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur Tabanan District, Bali with respective values of 0.03 and 0.02.SuggestionFamily planning counselors and cadres who are assigned to Gadungan Village are expected to carry out their duties in accordance with their authority functions, so that all communities, especially eligible women understand the importance of family planning and the danger of unmet need for nation development. Health care providers should also monitor, record and report the scope of the use regularly, so that monitoring and evaluation of family planning programs can be monitored properly. Thus, early efforts can be made to overcome the problem if the problems are detected earlier.Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1441026" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Findings" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1315170" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Review of literature" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Definition" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "The correlation between unmet need and family planning" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Factors that influence unmet need in Indonesia" ] ] ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Method" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Findings and discussion" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Suggestion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2020-05-12" "fechaAceptado" => "2020-07-15" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1315170" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Factors" 1 => "Unmet need for family planning" 2 => "Eligible women" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Background and objectivesUnmet need for KB (family planning) is a multidimensional problem due to the influences of various factors such as demographic characteristics, socio-economic, attitudes and access to services. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing the relationship between parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning in the Gadungan Village in order to reduce the percentage of unmet need based on the causes. MethodThis study employed a cross-sectional survey study which was carried out from August 2018 to February 2019. The researcher also utilized simple random sampling to select the sample. The number of samples taken were 54 eligible women in Desa Gadungan. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire filled in by respondents. Further, the data analysis was done by administering Chi-square test. FindingsThis study finds out that there is a significant correlation between parity and patriarchal culture with the unmet need for family planning in eligible women in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur Tabanan District, Bali with p-values of 0.03 and 0.02. There needs to be counseling about unmet need for family planning and its impact so that public knowledge improves of unmet need." "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Method" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Findings" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Nursing Research Conference of Udayana University. Full-text and the content of it is under responsibility of authors of the article." ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristics \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age (years)</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">≤35 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22 (40.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">>35 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32 (59.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Educational background</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Elementary School \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (9.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Junior High School \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (16.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Senior High School \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">28 (51.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">University \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (22.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Parity</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Primipara \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21 (38.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Multipara \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33 (61.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Patriarchal culture</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Patriarchy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 (25.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Non patriarchy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">40 (74.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Unmet need</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Unmet need for family planning \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (14.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Non unmet need for family planning \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">46 (85.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">54 (100%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478737.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Respondents characteristics." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Parity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need for family planning</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need for FPn (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non unmet need for FPn (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Primipara \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 (62.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 (34.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.03 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Multipara \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (37.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 (65.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (100.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">46 (100.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478736.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The relationship between parity with unmet need for family planning of eligible woman in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency in 2019." ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Patriarchal culture \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need for FP</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">p value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need FPn (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non unmet need FPn (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Patriarchy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (25.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (26.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Non patriarchy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (75.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">34 (73.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (100.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">46 (100.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478735.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The relationship of patriarchal culture with umet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Bali in 2019." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Proyeksi Penduduk, Angkatan Kerja, Tenaga Kerja, dan Peran Serikat Pekerja dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Prijono" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "P. Tjiptoherijanto" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.009" "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Maj Perenc Pembang" "fecha" => "2001" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "10" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Kontrasepsi" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S. Pinem" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2009" "editorial" => "KDT" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Determinan Unmet Need KB Pada Wanita Menikah di Kecamatan Klabang Kabupaten Bondowoso" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "R. Katulistiwa" 1 => "N. Baroya" 2 => "D.M. Wati" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Repos Univ Jember" "fecha" => "2014" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "8" ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hubungan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Unmet Need Kb Kecamatan Adiwerna, Kabupaten Tegal, Triwulan III Tahun 2016" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Uljannah" 1 => "S. Winarni" 2 => "Atik Mawarni" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Kesehat Masy" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "201" "paginaFinal" => "212" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kebutuhan Keluarga Berencana yang Tidak Terpenuhi (Unmet Need) di Kecamatan Sipatana Kota Gorontalo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "H.S. Porouw" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Politek Kesehat Kemenkes Gorontalo" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "5" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Fertilitas: Suatu Kajian Literatur" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Yuniarti" 1 => "H. Sukandar" 2 => "H. 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Utami" 1 => "Desmiwati" 2 => "Endrinaldi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Kesehat Andalas" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "158" "paginaFinal" => "163" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "KekerasanTerhadap Istri dalam Rumah Tangga dan unmet need Pelayanan Keluarga Berencana di Kota Banda Aceh" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "P. Santy" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2011" "editorial" => "Universitas Gadjah Mada" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hukum Berkeadilan Gender" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A. Widianti" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2005" "editorial" => "Kompas" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/11308621/00000030000000S7/v1_202012250829/S113086212030454X/v1_202012250829/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => null "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/11308621/00000030000000S7/v1_202012250829/S113086212030454X/v1_202012250829/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S113086212030454X?idApp=UINPBA00004N"]

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Made Dewi Sariyania,b,

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sariyani27@ymail.com

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, Kadek Sri Ariyantia, Lakitha Ning Utamia

a Program Studi DIII Kebidanan STIKES Advaita Medika Tabanan Bali, Indonesia

b Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana, Indonesia

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    "titulo" => "The relationship of parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village&#44; Selemadeg Timur District&#44; Tabanan Bali in 2019"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Unmet need in Indonesia is very closely related to eligible women&#44; fertility&#44; family planning services&#44; MMR and the achievement of MDG&#39;s which further become the indicators of welfare in Indonesia&#46; These factors point to the population since it influences the population in Indonesia&#46; As we know&#44; Indonesia is the 4th country with the largest population in the world after China and India&#46; Based on 2010 census data&#44; the population in Indonesia amounted to 230 million people with a population growth rate of 1&#46;49&#37;&#44; and the year after census data showed that the Indonesian population amounted to 244&#46;2 million people with a population growth rate of 1&#46;49&#37; still&#46; It is expected that the population explosion in 2030s will be a serious problem if it is not addressed&#46; With this fact&#44; the government is incessantly making a policy to reduce the population explosion in Indonesia&#44; one of which is the family planning program which until now has become the most feasible step to succeed in preventing population explosion&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the problems in the management of family planning programs is the high number of unmet need for family planning in Indonesia&#46; In such conditions&#44; family planning program needs to be immediately promoted and reactivated&#44; otherwise population explosion will occur again&#46; Unmet need is a group that has not met their contraceptive needs&#44; including all men or eligible women who are married or living together and are considered sexually active&#44; yet do not use contraceptive methods&#44; whether because they do not want to have more children or delay the next birth&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The great number of unmet need is a problem for the government&#44; because it will not only be the main reason for population explosion but also can affect the height of MMR in Indonesia since it is one of the factors causing 75&#37; of maternal deaths in Indonesia and around the globe&#46; Women of reproductive age who do not use family planning have a high chance of becoming pregnant and experiencing complications during pregnancy&#46; This can be caused by abortion due to unwanted pregnancy&#44; the gap of pregnancy is too close&#44; giving birth too much&#44; complications of the disease during pregnancy&#44; as well as complication during labor and the puerperium&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Based on data coverage of family planning use in Desa Gadungan&#44; the percentage of the unmet need for family planning is quite large with 23&#46;8&#37;&#46; This number is quite high so it needs to be lowered&#44; seeing the impact that will be caused is large as well&#46; Therefore&#44; this research was conducted with the aim to investigate relationship of parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning in the village of Gadungan in order to reduce the percentage of it based on the causes&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Review of literature</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Definition</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Unmet need can be defined as a group that has not met their contraceptive needs&#44; including all men or illegible women who are married or living together and are considered sexually active&#44; yet do not use contraceptive methods&#44; either because do not want to have more children or delay the next birth&#46; The IDHS results in 2012 show that the unmet need for contraception in Indonesia is 11&#46;4&#37;&#46; This high number of unmet need is one of the causes that 2&#46;1 TFR in 2014 that cannot be achieved&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">The correlation between unmet need and family planning</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2009&#44; Indonesian government law no&#46; 52 that concerns on the population and family development&#44; BKKBN changed from National Family Planning Coordinating Agency to the National Population and Family Planning Agency&#46; The Indonesia family planning programs have been recognized nationally and internationally to significantly reducing fertility rates&#46; It is supported by the survey conducted by IDHS &#40;2003&#41; that finds out that the total fertility rate &#40;TFR&#41; decreased from 2&#46;4 to 2&#46;3 in the same survey conducted in 2007&#46; However&#44; that does not mean that the population problem in Indonesia is done with&#44; yet it is strived to be maintained&#46; One of the problems in the management of the programs is the great number of unmet need for family planning in Indonesia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Factors that influence unmet need in Indonesia</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Generally&#44; unmet need for family planning occurs mostly in women who face financial&#44; educational&#44; geographical and social barriers&#46; Other factors in the community such as culture&#44; service quality&#44; the existence of transportation routes&#44; and the characteristics of regions also play roles in the use of contraception&#46; In addition&#44; the availability of supporting resources such as limited funding support to conduct family planning development also lead to limited access to information on family planning services&#46; The differences in family planning behavior are linked to various factors such as demographic and socio-economic characteristics&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;5</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A study conducted in Gwalior suggests that unmet need factors are mostly from husband&#39;s support and information exposure&#46; In line with that&#44; studies in India reveals that religion&#44; husband&#39;s support and work also become a consideration&#46; Lastly&#44; a person&#39;s age also has a significant effect on meeting contraceptive needs&#46; The group of young and old women has a high risk of experiencing unmet need for family planning because this group does not realize that they have potential complications during pregnancy&#46; This is because of demographic factors where the younger or lower a woman&#39;s age at her first marriage will have an impact on the length of reproductive age and the fertility rate will be higher&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#8211;8</span></a></p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Method</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A cross sectional survey was conducted on August 2018 to February 2019&#46; Sampling was done randomly through simple random sampling&#46; The number of samples was 54 people who are categorized as eligible women&#46; Data were collected through questionnaire filled in by respondents who had previously been given an explanation of the procedures and objectives of the study&#46; The questionnaire about patriarchal culture consists of 5 questions&#46; Respondents were declared to be culturally patriarchy if the score obtained was &#8805;3&#44; on the contrary it was said to be not cultured patriarchy if the score obtained was &#60;3&#46; The unmet need for family planning questionnaire consists of 2 questions&#44; respondents were stated unmet need for family planning if the score obtained is &#60;2&#46; Data analysis was done by Chi-square test using the STATA Program&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Findings and discussion</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Gadungan Village is situated in Selemadeg Timur District&#44; Tabanan Regency&#46; Considering its geographical condition&#44; Gadungan Village is quite strategic because the access is quite good and the distance to Tabanan City is only &#177;14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km&#46; Gadungan Village consists of 10 zones which are spread over an area of &#177;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> and with a population of 3153 people in 2016&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This research was conducted in three zones in Gadungan Village&#44; namely Br&#46; Wani&#44; Br&#46; Carik Kauh and Br&#46; Pondok Kelod with 54 respondents&#46; Data collection was carried out from 1 to 15 December 2018&#46; Characteristics of respondents are explained in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> indicates that the majority of respondents are &#62;35 years old&#44; which is 32 people &#40;59&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Viewed from the educational background&#44; most of the respondents had senior high school education with 28 people &#40;51&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; In terms of parity&#44; the majority of respondents were multiparous with 33 people &#40;61&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#46; Most respondents did not adhere to patriarchal culture with 40 people &#40;74&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#46; Most of the respondents were fertile women who were not unmet need for family planning with 46 people &#40;85&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the results of an analysis of the relationship between parity and unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village&#44; Selemadeg Timur District&#44; Tabanan Regency in 2019&#46; The analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between parity and unmet need for family planning&#44; with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value &#40;0&#46;03&#41;&#46; Primipara respondents who are unmet need for family planning as much as 62&#46;5&#37;&#46; Whereas multipara respondents&#44; which constitute unmet need for family planning are 37&#46;5&#37;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sahoo and Palacio&#39;s study in Santy argue that the pattern of contraceptive use differs between women with high parity and low parity&#46; Contraceptive use is increasing in women with high parity&#46; The sex and number of living children has a major influence on the acceptance of the family planning method&#46; The more living children in a family&#44; the more contraceptive use will be&#46; Women with one living child will have lower contraceptive use than those who have two or more than three children&#46; Women with a small number of children have the desire to get children of different sexes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> shows the results of an analysis of the relationship of patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village&#44; East Selemadeg District&#44; Tabanan Regency in 2019&#46; The analysis reveals that there is a significant relationship between patriarchal culture and unmet need for family planning&#44; with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value &#40;0&#46;02&#41;&#46; Respondents who adhere to patriarchal culture and categorized as unmet need for Family planning are as much as 25&#37;&#37;&#44; while respondents who did not adhere to a patriarchal culture which constituted unmet need for family planning are 75&#37;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patriarchy can also be defined as the state of society that places men in higher position than women in all aspects including social&#44; cultural and economic life&#46; The respondents tend to adopt a patriarchal culture because answers are still found within families where men are placed in front women&#44; this means that in the family the position of men is higher than that of women&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As explained by Widianti &#40;2005&#58; 213&#41; women are in the lower strata so they fear that their autonomy is different from other members in the family while the notion of autonomy is the ability to act&#44; and make decisions on their own volition&#46; This gap can be measured by looking at the rights in decision making and in family planning programs&#46; Women&#39;s rights are often overlooked in decision making&#46; In fact&#44; it is the most essential right&#44; including in the decision to become an acceptor&#46; The decision of the mother who is willing to become a family planning acceptor is closely related to the patriarchal culture adopted in the family both in masculinity&#44; and in the authority to make decisions as acceptors&#46; The husband&#39;s request is a proof that men have authority in making decisions not to become a family planning acceptor&#44; on the other hand&#44; eligible women or a mother will be reluctant&#47;forced not to become a family planning acceptor even though the age of these women have passed a healthy reproductive period&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Conclusion</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Unmer need for family planning in Gadungan Village&#44; Selemadeg Timur District&#44; Tabanan is quite high &#40;14&#46;8&#37;&#41; and the respondents who adhere to patriarchal culture are quite large too with 25&#46;9&#37;&#46; There is a significant relationship between parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning of eligible women in Gadungan Village&#44; Selemadeg Timur Tabanan District&#44; Bali with respective values of 0&#46;03 and 0&#46;02&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Suggestion</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Family planning counselors and cadres who are assigned to Gadungan Village are expected to carry out their duties in accordance with their authority functions&#44; so that all communities&#44; especially eligible women understand the importance of family planning and the danger of unmet need for nation development&#46; Health care providers should also monitor&#44; record and report the scope of the use regularly&#44; so that monitoring and evaluation of family planning programs can be monitored properly&#46; Thus&#44; early efforts can be made to overcome the problem if the problems are detected earlier&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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              "titulo" => "The correlation between unmet need and family planning"
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              "titulo" => "Factors that influence unmet need in Indonesia"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-05-12"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-07-15"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background and objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Unmet need for KB &#40;family planning&#41; is a multidimensional problem due to the influences of various factors such as demographic characteristics&#44; socio-economic&#44; attitudes and access to services&#46; Therefore&#44; this research was conducted with the aim of knowing the relationship between parity and patriarchal culture with unmet need for family planning in the Gadungan Village in order to reduce the percentage of unmet need based on the causes&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Method</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study employed a cross-sectional survey study which was carried out from August 2018 to February 2019&#46; The researcher also utilized simple random sampling to select the sample&#46; The number of samples taken were 54 eligible women in Desa Gadungan&#46; Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire filled in by respondents&#46; Further&#44; the data analysis was done by administering Chi-square test&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Findings</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study finds out that there is a significant correlation between parity and patriarchal culture with the unmet need for family planning in eligible women in Gadungan Village&#44; Selemadeg Timur Tabanan District&#44; Bali with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-values of 0&#46;03 and 0&#46;02&#46; There needs to be counseling about unmet need for family planning and its impact so that public knowledge improves of unmet need&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;35 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">32 &#40;59&#46;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;9&#46;3&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Junior High School&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;16&#46;7&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Senior High School&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;22&#46;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">21 &#40;38&#46;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;25&#46;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">40 &#40;74&#46;1&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;14&#46;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Non unmet need for family planning&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">46 &#40;85&#46;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:1.0px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">54 &#40;100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Parity&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need for family planning</th><th class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unmet need for FP<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non unmet need for FP<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Primipara&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;62&#46;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;34&#46;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Multipara&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;37&#46;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;65&#46;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Total&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;100&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">46 &#40;100&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Patriarchal culture&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non unmet need FP<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Patriarchy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;25&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;26&#46;1&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Non patriarchy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;75&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">34 &#40;73&#46;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Total&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;100&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">46 &#40;100&#46;0&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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    ]
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0080"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Proyeksi Penduduk&#44; Angkatan Kerja&#44; Tenaga Kerja&#44; dan Peran Serikat Pekerja dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Prijono"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Tjiptoherijanto"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.009"
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Maj Perenc Pembang"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "10"
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              "identificador" => "bib0085"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Kontrasepsi"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Pinem"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:2 [
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "editorial" => "KDT"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Determinan Unmet Need KB Pada Wanita Menikah di Kecamatan Klabang Kabupaten Bondowoso"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Katulistiwa"
                            1 => "N&#46; Baroya"
                            2 => "D&#46;M&#46; Wati"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Repos Univ Jember"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "8"
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            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0095"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Hubungan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Unmet Need Kb Kecamatan Adiwerna&#44; Kabupaten Tegal&#44; Triwulan III Tahun 2016"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Uljannah"
                            1 => "S&#46; Winarni"
                            2 => "Atik Mawarni"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Kesehat Masy"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "201"
                        "paginaFinal" => "212"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kebutuhan Keluarga Berencana yang Tidak Terpenuhi &#40;Unmet Need&#41; di Kecamatan Sipatana Kota Gorontalo"
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                            0 => "H&#46;S&#46; Porouw"
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Politek Kesehat Kemenkes Gorontalo"
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                        "volumen" => "5"
                      ]
                    ]
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              ]
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            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Fertilitas&#58; Suatu Kajian Literatur"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
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                            2 => "H&#46; Susiarno"
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
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