Mental health and related factors among adolescents

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"documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Enferm Clin. 2020;30 Supl 7:106-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Determinants of a sedentary lifestyle among school-aged children based on a family ecological model" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "106" "paginaFinal" => "110" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Eka Mishbahatul Marah Has, Herlyn Afifah Nurwitanti, Sylvia Dwi Wahyuni, Elida Ulfiana" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Eka Mishbahatul Marah" "apellidos" => "Has" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Herlyn Afifah" "apellidos" => "Nurwitanti" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sylvia Dwi" "apellidos" => "Wahyuni" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Elida" "apellidos" => "Ulfiana" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1130862120304721?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/11308621/00000030000000S7/v1_202012250829/S1130862120304721/v1_202012250829/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:18 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Mental health and related factors among adolescents" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "111" "paginaFinal" => "116" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Ni Made Dian Sulistiowati, Budi Anna Keliat, Irawati Ismail, Besral" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ni Made Dian" "apellidos" => "Sulistiowati" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Budi Anna" "apellidos" => "Keliat" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "ba_keliat@ui.ac.id" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Irawati" "apellidos" => "Ismail" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "apellidos" => "Besral" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Doctoral Student on Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Division of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Psychiatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionMental health problems in worldwide and require detection as early as possible so that those affected receive appropriate treatment to prevent further damage and recurrence.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">1</a> The American Psychiatric Association (APA) has stated that each year in the United States as many as 100,000 teenagers and young adults aged 15–25 experience a psychotic episode.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">2</a> According to the ecological system model, a person's self-formation is strongly influenced by the environmental processes around them, and these can be supporting factors of mental health or vice versa. Teenagers with good mental health are able to choose how they react to events. The adolescent should be develop optimally, so why it's very important to maintain their mental health.During transition period, adolescents experience biological, psychological, social, and spiritual changes that require them to be able to adapt to existing events.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">3</a> Biological, psychological, and social changes can act as both risk and protective factors in adolescents. Age-appropriate growth and development, good physical health, and good intellectual function can protect adolescents against mental health problems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">4</a> In addition to the changes that occur in adolescent psychology, such as family closeness, life experience, self-concept, problem solving can also be risk factors and cause protective factors in adolescents. Middle school adolescents aged 13–15 who have prodromal symptoms had traumatic experiences, low self-confidence, negative self-image, and feel hated by friends because they are overweight, thus disrupting social functions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145">4,5</a>Families who have less dynamic relationships and do not provide support and care can interfere with the psychosocial functioning of family members and mental health for all family members.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">6</a> It has been found that adolescents who have high family support tend to have higher psychosocial endurance than adolescents with lower family support.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">7</a> Teenagers spend their time at home and at school. Therefore, the environments need to be prepared to help teenagers overcome challenges they face.The teacher as a role model is very important in providing social support and motivating students to succeed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">8</a> Close relationships with adults such as extended families, teachers, and neighbors are crucial in making adolescents resilient.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170">9–11</a> In addition, a comfortable school environment can also provide space for adolescents to develop academically, and the best decisions taken by adolescents in dealing with problems during adolescence.The absence of research that explains the relationship of factors related to individuals, families, and social community with adolescent's mental health which is also seen from emotional, psychological and social well-being.This study aims to describe mental health and factors that influence mental health (individual, family, and community factors) among adolescents and to identify the potential factors for mental health.MethodsStudy designA descriptive, cross-sectional study was implemented. About 201 participants were needed to achieve a power of 80% and a significance level of .05. We increased this number by 5% to compensate for potential failures to return the questionnaires. Thus, a total of 211 junior high school students were selected as participants in this study. The junior high schools consisted of public and private schools selected through random sampling techniques using numbers that come out four times representing two public schools and two private schools.ParticipantsThe students were recruited from two public schools and two private schools. Purposive sampling was then used to select participants who met the inclusion criteria: 7th or 8th grade, aged at least 15, and willing to participate in the study. We excluded eight participants because of incomplete recording of mental health. Finally, completed questionnaires from 203 participants were analyzed.Data collectionData were collected using the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) to measure adolescent mental health. Participants were asked to complete 14 questions in this form about their feelings over 30 days (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). The Likert scale was used, with total scores of 0–70. The MHC-SF Indonesian version has been validated with an r value of >.432. MHC-SF were divided into three categories: (i) flourishing; (ii) moderate; (iii) languishing. In our study, the Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire was .89. Permission was obtained for this instruments used in this study.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>Factors that influence mental health were measured by the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale (CASSS), Rosenberg self-esteem scale, Coping mechanism questionnaire (Mulyana, 2013), Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, and Index of Family Relations. The CASSS was used to measure social support from parents, teachers, classmates, peer groups, and schools.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">12</a> The CASSS consisted of 60 questions with an r value of .96. A score of over 42 indicated high social support and one of under 42 low social support.The Rosenberg self-esteem scale consists of 10 questions answered using a 4-point Likert scale format, ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree”. Higher scores indicated higher self-esteem.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">13</a> Coping mechanism consisted of 30 questions with r value .361. All items were answered using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from “always” to “never”. Scores over 60 indicate adaptive coping mechanisms and lower than 60 non-adaptive coping mechanisms. The strength and difficulty questionnaire consisted of 25 questions that included emotional problems, behavioral problems, peer problems, and hyperactivity. All items were answered using a 3-point Likert scale ranging from “true” to “untrue”. The Index of Family Relations consists of 25 questions answered using 5-point Likert scale ranging from “never” to “always”. Scores over 50 indicate good family relationships and under 50 problematic relationships.Data analysisThe data of participants were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21.0) and the significance level was set at p=0.05. The mental health categories were reported as frequencies and percentages. The factors that influence mental health were divided into three categories: individual factors, family factors, and social community factors. Individual factors included self-esteem, coping mechanisms, emotional, behavioral, and peer problems, and hyperactivity. Family factors included family support and family relationships. Social community factors consisted of teachers, peers, classmates, and school factors. These individual, family and social factors were reported as means and standard deviations. Pearson was used to identify correlation between individual, family and social factors with mental health. Multi-variate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing mental health. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported for the analysis.Ethical considerationsThe research ethics committee of the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, approved the research study (approval no.265/UN2.F12.D/HKP.02.04/2018). Information sheets relating to the study were provided to the participants. Participation in the study was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from participants. All of the information was confidentially maintained and all data collected were analyzed.ResultsAs shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>, most adolescents reported flourishing and moderate mental health (44.3% and 42.4%). The level of emotional, psychological, and social well-being of the participants was also high. This can be a strength for the majority of participants who have good mental health. Teenagers have high self-esteem. Emotional problems, behavior and hyperactivity of adolescent was at normal level but peer problems was at the borderline level. Adolescents have good family relationships and high social support from parents. In addition, adolescents have high teacher social support, but low support is obtained by adolescents from close friends, classmates and teachers, as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia>Individual factors such as self-esteem, emotional, behavioral and peer problems, hyperactivity, and coping mechanisms were found to have a significant relationship to the mental health of participants (p<0.05). Family relationships and social support from parents as a component of family factors were also found to have a significant relationship to the mental health of participants, as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>. In addition, social support from teachers, peers, and classmates as a part of social community factor also demonstrated a significant relationship to participants’ mental health (p<0.05). The multi-variate logistic analysis shows in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>, that social support from parents was related to adolescents’ emotional wellbeing (OR=2.33, 95% CI=1.2–4.5), social support from peers was related to psychological wellbeing (OR=4.32, 95% CI=2.01–9.24), and social support from teachers was related to social wellbeing (OR=3.29, 95% CI=1.2–4.5).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia>DiscussionDue to their stage of development, adolescents experience changes in body shape and these can be stressors that cause mental health to be sub-optimal. Adolescents are still very dependent on their parents,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">14</a> so the attention and support of parents can give adolescents the strength to respond to stressors, which means some adolescents have optimal mental health. This, of course, cannot be separated from the individual's emotional, psychological, and social conditions. These three factors influence each other. Someone is said to be in good mental condition when they have a positive feeling toward life and can function both psychologically and socially. On the other hand, individuals can be categorized as having a poor mental condition if they show mental health problems. The languishing condition, defined by Keyes (2002) as an empty condition, stagnant, empty, despair and lack of functioning of a positive life. Overall, languishing is an unhealthy mental condition. The ability to solve problems, maintain well-being, be satisfaction with life, be independent, and contribute to the community are also mental health indicators. This is what causes individuals to have good mental health because they use each of their strengths optimally, including the ability to control emotions and establish relationships with the surrounding social environment. Toward social interaction which results in happiness and self-satisfaction to establish good mental health. Individuals who are unable to solve problems properly, who lack self-control, and who tend to avoid involvement with the community can risk experiencing poor mental health.Adolescents with moderate mental health have a positive attitude about themselves and have achieved self-actualization, autonomy, and internal–external integration. However, they have not yet reached optimal conditions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140">3,15</a> That is why they need to optimize their potential and ability to be able to adapt when a problem occurs and prosper.The formation of self-esteem begins in childhood. This is reinforced by the fact that adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood, so adolescent self-esteem was depend on how they could survive with the challenges of biological, psychological, social, or academic factors and career changes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">16</a> This will affect the development of self-esteem more positively, and vice versa. How a person responds to experienced events, negative thoughts, and ill treatment will affect the development of self-esteem.Adolescents who have moderate self-esteem have characteristics similar to adolescents with high self-esteem. Masselink et al. (2018) has found that adolescents with moderate self-esteem have similarities in terms of acceptance and self-achievement. Therefore, adolescents with moderate self-esteem also have the same characteristics, but the difference is in how to express them optimally. Adolescents can have maladaptive coping strategies due to various pressures faced during their growth and development. Various life problems in adolescence leave adolescents in a vulnerable condition.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">4</a> Usually, maladaptive coping mechanisms that occur in adolescents are avoidance behavior and self-blame. This is evidenced through the study which found that young victims of bullying more frequently used coping strategies focused on emotion.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">17</a> When adolescents choose to avoid the problem or judge themselves, they increase their risk of developing symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">18</a>Teenagers have the ability to manage their emotions effectively, so they have good endurance in dealing with problems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">19</a> Some teenagers are in the normal category because when they experience emotional problems they are faster to seek help. Adolescents who are in the borderline and abnormal categories can feel anxious, lack confidence, and worry when problems occur. Adolescents who experience anxiety and depression will experience symptoms of emotional problems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">4</a> Good emotional development can be obtained through support from family and peers.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">20</a> Teenagers able to control emotions will stop themselves from engaging in negative behavior when experiencing a problem.Adolescent who has low social support from parents must be given reinforcement and guidance so they can perform well. Adolescents with low family function are at greater risk of experiencing mental health problems compared to those with very good family functions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">21</a> Triana et al. (2019) also state that families who have a less dynamic relationship in the family, no support and uncare can interfere the psychosocial functioning of the family and mental health for all family members. Therefore, it is important to increase adolescent awareness so that not only self-identity is achieved optimally but also the social relations and adolescents independency can be used appropriately in every situation in their life. Good interpersonal communication and parents’ trust in their teenage children are needed to improve family relationships.Teachers play a role in supporting adolescents as they explore and try to understand their world.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">22</a> Teachers can certainly supported through regular meetings with students. Social support from school can be in the form of information advice, direction, advice and feedback on what should be done to overcome problems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0240">23,24</a> Parents or teachers can give more advice, direction, and guidance thus helping adolescents to achieve their goals. However, the support provided by teachers in schools is not just information but also the improvement of their cognitive and academic abilities. Considering that school is the second environment after the family, adolescents need to feel comfortable and energized there. It has an impact on their optimal psychosocial development.One of the things which must be achieved in adolescent development is the formation of self-identity. This can be formed through the influence of peers or groups. When teenagers are quiet and reluctant to meet friends, it is a sign that they have not been able to solve problems and do not know how to fortify themselves against stress, choosing instead to withdraw from the social environment. This is reinforced by Southwick et al. (2014)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250">25</a> who reveal some characteristics of a resilient individual, namely, knowing ways to protect yourself from stress and being able to make decisions and solve problems. Lee et al. (2012)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">12</a> found that peer acceptance and friendship affect children's self-esteem and psychological adjustment. The results of the study show there are some teenagers who are already have support from their peers. This indicates that some students have different adaptability.ConclusionIn this study, adolescents already have good mental health. We found that self-esteem, coping mechanisms, hyperactivity, and behavioral problems had a correlation with mental health as individual factors. In addition, our study found that family factors such as family relationships and social support from parents also contribute to mental health. Social community factors such as social support from teachers, peers, and classmates further correlated with mental health. In addition, our study is the first to investigate the effect of individual, family, and social community factors on mental health in adolescents. For future studies, the factors should include a larger and more representative sample to confirm our study findings.Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest." 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A descriptive, cross-sectional design was implemented. The sample consisted of 203 junior high school students from four schools (private and public schools) in Bali. Participants completed a one-time, self-report questionnaire on mental health and individual, family, and social community factors. Descriptive, pearson correlation, and logistic regression were used for the analysis. Approximately 44.3% of adolescents were flourishing, 42.4% had moderate mental health, and 13.3% were languishing. Almost all adolescents had high emotional, psychological, and social wellbeing. Self-esteem, behavioral problems, strength, hyperactivity, coping mechanisms, family relationships, social support from parents, teachers, peers, and classmates were perceived as contributing to adolescents’ mental health. Adolescents individuals need to develop adaptive coping abilities to deal with events positively. The involvement of parents and proximity between peers and school environments are needed to strengthen adolescent mental health. There needs to be a comprehensive between adolescents, family, and community as well as interventional strategies and policy directions to help adolescents maintain their mental health." ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Nursing Research Conference of Udayana University. Full-text and the content of it is under responsibility of authors of the article." ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mental health</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Flourishing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">90 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">44.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Moderate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">86 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">42.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Languishing \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Emotional wellbeing</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">High \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">150 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">73.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Low \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">53 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Psychological wellbeing</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">High \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">152 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">74.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Low \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">51 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social wellbeing</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">High \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">139 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">68.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Low \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">64 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">31.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478711.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Participant's mental health characteristic (n=203)." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variabel \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SD \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Min–Max \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Individual factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Self-esteem \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">19.61 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.45 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0–30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Emotional problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.08 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0–10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Behavioral problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.82 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0–9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Peer problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.41 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1–8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperactivity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0–10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Coping mechanisms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">56.22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17.45 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9–88 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Family factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Family relationships \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">88.42 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">34–98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: parents \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">44.31 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8.98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14–60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social and community factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: teacher \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">43.22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10.27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">15–60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: peers \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">37.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.88 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6–60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: classmates \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">35.92 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9.73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14–59 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: school \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33.47 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10.75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3–57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478714.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Related factors (individual, family, and social community factors) characteristics of participants (n=203)." ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Factors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mental health</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">r \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p Value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Individual factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Self-esteem \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.162 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.021<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Emotional problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.006 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.934 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Behavioral problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−0.135 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.055 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Peer problems \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.025 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.725 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperactivity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.189 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.007<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Coping mechanisms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.351 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Family factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Family relationships \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.367 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: parents \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.441 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social and community factors</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: teacher \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.399 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: peers \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.299 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: classmates \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.265 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: school \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.310 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478712.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "p<0.05; r=correlation coefficient." ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Related factors (individual, family, and social community factors) of mental health (n=203)." ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at4" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Factors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Emotional wellbeing</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Psychological wellbeing</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Social wellbeing</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95%CI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95%CI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95%CI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: parents \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.332<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.2–4.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.606 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.83–7.07 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.384 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.25–4.51 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: teacher \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.207 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.16–4.17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.805 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.96–7.37 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.297<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.77–6.11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: peers \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.135 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.09–4.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.322<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.01–9.24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.726 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.93–3.18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: classmates \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.813 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.87–3.74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.135 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.37–7.14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.274 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.12–4.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Social support: school \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.436 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.67–3.05 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.644 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.10–6.31 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.737 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.24–6.03 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2478713.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "p<0.05; CI=confidence interval; OR=odds ratio." ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Regression for related factors with mental health of participants (n=203)." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R.C. 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Ni Made Dian Sulistiowatia,b, Budi Anna Keliatc,

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ba_keliat@ui.ac.id

Corresponding author.

, Irawati Ismaild, Besrale

a Doctoral Student on Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

b Division of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Indonesia

c Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

d Department of Psychiatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

e Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mental health problems in worldwide and require detection as early as possible so that those affected receive appropriate treatment to prevent further damage and recurrence&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The American Psychiatric Association &#40;APA&#41; has stated that each year in the United States as many as 100&#44;000 teenagers and young adults aged 15&#8211;25 experience a psychotic episode&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> According to the ecological system model&#44; a person&#39;s self-formation is strongly influenced by the environmental processes around them&#44; and these can be supporting factors of mental health or vice versa&#46; Teenagers with good mental health are able to choose how they react to events&#46; The adolescent should be develop optimally&#44; so why it&#39;s very important to maintain their mental health&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During transition period&#44; adolescents experience biological&#44; psychological&#44; social&#44; and spiritual changes that require them to be able to adapt to existing events&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Biological&#44; psychological&#44; and social changes can act as both risk and protective factors in adolescents&#46; Age-appropriate growth and development&#44; good physical health&#44; and good intellectual function can protect adolescents against mental health problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In addition to the changes that occur in adolescent psychology&#44; such as family closeness&#44; life experience&#44; self-concept&#44; problem solving can also be risk factors and cause protective factors in adolescents&#46; Middle school adolescents aged 13&#8211;15 who have prodromal symptoms had traumatic experiences&#44; low self-confidence&#44; negative self-image&#44; and feel hated by friends because they are overweight&#44; thus disrupting social functions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Families who have less dynamic relationships and do not provide support and care can interfere with the psychosocial functioning of family members and mental health for all family members&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> It has been found that adolescents who have high family support tend to have higher psychosocial endurance than adolescents with lower family support&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Teenagers spend their time at home and at school&#46; Therefore&#44; the environments need to be prepared to help teenagers overcome challenges they face&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The teacher as a role model is very important in providing social support and motivating students to succeed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Close relationships with adults such as extended families&#44; teachers&#44; and neighbors are crucial in making adolescents resilient&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;11</span></a> In addition&#44; a comfortable school environment can also provide space for adolescents to develop academically&#44; and the best decisions taken by adolescents in dealing with problems during adolescence&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The absence of research that explains the relationship of factors related to individuals&#44; families&#44; and social community with adolescent&#39;s mental health which is also seen from emotional&#44; psychological and social well-being&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study aims to describe mental health and factors that influence mental health &#40;individual&#44; family&#44; and community factors&#41; among adolescents and to identify the potential factors for mental health&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Study design</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A descriptive&#44; cross-sectional study was implemented&#46; About 201 participants were needed to achieve a power of 80&#37; and a significance level of &#46;05&#46; We increased this number by 5&#37; to compensate for potential failures to return the questionnaires&#46; Thus&#44; a total of 211 junior high school students were selected as participants in this study&#46; The junior high schools consisted of public and private schools selected through random sampling techniques using numbers that come out four times representing two public schools and two private schools&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Participants</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The students were recruited from two public schools and two private schools&#46; Purposive sampling was then used to select participants who met the inclusion criteria&#58; 7th or 8th grade&#44; aged at least 15&#44; and willing to participate in the study&#46; We excluded eight participants because of incomplete recording of mental health&#46; Finally&#44; completed questionnaires from 203 participants were analyzed&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Data collection</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data were collected using the Mental Health Continuum Short Form &#40;MHC-SF&#41; to measure adolescent mental health&#46; Participants were asked to complete 14 questions in this form about their feelings over 30 days &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; The Likert scale was used&#44; with total scores of 0&#8211;70&#46; The MHC-SF Indonesian version has been validated with an <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> value of &#62;&#46;432&#46; MHC-SF were divided into three categories&#58; &#40;i&#41; flourishing&#59; &#40;ii&#41; moderate&#59; &#40;iii&#41; languishing&#46; In our study&#44; the Cronbach&#39;s alpha for the questionnaire was &#46;89&#46; Permission was obtained for this instruments used in this study&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Factors that influence mental health were measured by the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale &#40;CASSS&#41;&#44; Rosenberg self-esteem scale&#44; Coping mechanism questionnaire &#40;Mulyana&#44; 2013&#41;&#44; Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire&#44; and Index of Family Relations&#46; The CASSS was used to measure social support from parents&#44; teachers&#44; classmates&#44; peer groups&#44; and schools&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> The CASSS consisted of 60 questions with an <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> value of &#46;96&#46; A score of over 42 indicated high social support and one of under 42 low social support&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Rosenberg self-esteem scale consists of 10 questions answered using a 4-point Likert scale format&#44; ranging from &#8220;strongly agree&#8221; to &#8220;strongly disagree&#8221;&#46; Higher scores indicated higher self-esteem&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> Coping mechanism consisted of 30 questions with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> value &#46;361&#46; All items were answered using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from &#8220;always&#8221; to &#8220;never&#8221;&#46; Scores over 60 indicate adaptive coping mechanisms and lower than 60 non-adaptive coping mechanisms&#46; The strength and difficulty questionnaire consisted of 25 questions that included emotional problems&#44; behavioral problems&#44; peer problems&#44; and hyperactivity&#46; All items were answered using a 3-point Likert scale ranging from &#8220;true&#8221; to &#8220;untrue&#8221;&#46; The Index of Family Relations consists of 25 questions answered using 5-point Likert scale ranging from &#8220;never&#8221; to &#8220;always&#8221;&#46; Scores over 50 indicate good family relationships and under 50 problematic relationships&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Data analysis</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data of participants were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences &#40;version 21&#46;0&#41; and the significance level was set at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#46; The mental health categories were reported as frequencies and percentages&#46; The factors that influence mental health were divided into three categories&#58; individual factors&#44; family factors&#44; and social community factors&#46; Individual factors included self-esteem&#44; coping mechanisms&#44; emotional&#44; behavioral&#44; and peer problems&#44; and hyperactivity&#46; Family factors included family support and family relationships&#46; Social community factors consisted of teachers&#44; peers&#44; classmates&#44; and school factors&#46; These individual&#44; family and social factors were reported as means and standard deviations&#46; Pearson was used to identify correlation between individual&#44; family and social factors with mental health&#46; Multi-variate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing mental health&#46; The odds ratio &#40;OR&#41; and 95&#37; confidence interval &#40;CI&#41; were reported for the analysis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Ethical considerations</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The research ethics committee of the Faculty of Nursing&#44; Universitas Indonesia&#44; approved the research study &#40;approval no&#46;265&#47;UN2&#46;F12&#46;D&#47;HKP&#46;02&#46;04&#47;2018&#41;&#46; Information sheets relating to the study were provided to the participants&#46; Participation in the study was voluntary&#44; and informed consent was obtained from participants&#46; All of the information was confidentially maintained and all data collected were analyzed&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Results</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#44; most adolescents reported flourishing and moderate mental health &#40;44&#46;3&#37; and 42&#46;4&#37;&#41;&#46; The level of emotional&#44; psychological&#44; and social well-being of the participants was also high&#46; This can be a strength for the majority of participants who have good mental health&#46; Teenagers have high self-esteem&#46; Emotional problems&#44; behavior and hyperactivity of adolescent was at normal level but peer problems was at the borderline level&#46; Adolescents have good family relationships and high social support from parents&#46; In addition&#44; adolescents have high teacher social support&#44; but low support is obtained by adolescents from close friends&#44; classmates and teachers&#44; as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Individual factors such as self-esteem&#44; emotional&#44; behavioral and peer problems&#44; hyperactivity&#44; and coping mechanisms were found to have a significant relationship to the mental health of participants &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; Family relationships and social support from parents as a component of family factors were also found to have a significant relationship to the mental health of participants&#44; as shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#46; In addition&#44; social support from teachers&#44; peers&#44; and classmates as a part of social community factor also demonstrated a significant relationship to participants&#8217; mental health &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; The multi-variate logistic analysis shows in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#44; that social support from parents was related to adolescents&#8217; emotional wellbeing &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;33&#44; 95&#37; CI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;2&#8211;4&#46;5&#41;&#44; social support from peers was related to psychological wellbeing &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;32&#44; 95&#37; CI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;01&#8211;9&#46;24&#41;&#44; and social support from teachers was related to social wellbeing &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;29&#44; 95&#37; CI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;2&#8211;4&#46;5&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Discussion</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Due to their stage of development&#44; adolescents experience changes in body shape and these can be stressors that cause mental health to be sub-optimal&#46; Adolescents are still very dependent on their parents&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> so the attention and support of parents can give adolescents the strength to respond to stressors&#44; which means some adolescents have optimal mental health&#46; This&#44; of course&#44; cannot be separated from the individual&#39;s emotional&#44; psychological&#44; and social conditions&#46; These three factors influence each other&#46; Someone is said to be in good mental condition when they have a positive feeling toward life and can function both psychologically and socially&#46; On the other hand&#44; individuals can be categorized as having a poor mental condition if they show mental health problems&#46; The languishing condition&#44; defined by Keyes &#40;2002&#41; as an empty condition&#44; stagnant&#44; empty&#44; despair and lack of functioning of a positive life&#46; Overall&#44; languishing is an unhealthy mental condition&#46; The ability to solve problems&#44; maintain well-being&#44; be satisfaction with life&#44; be independent&#44; and contribute to the community are also mental health indicators&#46; This is what causes individuals to have good mental health because they use each of their strengths optimally&#44; including the ability to control emotions and establish relationships with the surrounding social environment&#46; Toward social interaction which results in happiness and self-satisfaction to establish good mental health&#46; Individuals who are unable to solve problems properly&#44; who lack self-control&#44; and who tend to avoid involvement with the community can risk experiencing poor mental health&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adolescents with moderate mental health have a positive attitude about themselves and have achieved self-actualization&#44; autonomy&#44; and internal&#8211;external integration&#46; However&#44; they have not yet reached optimal conditions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;15</span></a> That is why they need to optimize their potential and ability to be able to adapt when a problem occurs and prosper&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The formation of self-esteem begins in childhood&#46; This is reinforced by the fact that adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood&#44; so adolescent self-esteem was depend on how they could survive with the challenges of biological&#44; psychological&#44; social&#44; or academic factors and career changes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> This will affect the development of self-esteem more positively&#44; and vice versa&#46; How a person responds to experienced events&#44; negative thoughts&#44; and ill treatment will affect the development of self-esteem&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adolescents who have moderate self-esteem have characteristics similar to adolescents with high self-esteem&#46; Masselink et al&#46; &#40;2018&#41; has found that adolescents with moderate self-esteem have similarities in terms of acceptance and self-achievement&#46; Therefore&#44; adolescents with moderate self-esteem also have the same characteristics&#44; but the difference is in how to express them optimally&#46; Adolescents can have maladaptive coping strategies due to various pressures faced during their growth and development&#46; Various life problems in adolescence leave adolescents in a vulnerable condition&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Usually&#44; maladaptive coping mechanisms that occur in adolescents are avoidance behavior and self-blame&#46; This is evidenced through the study which found that young victims of bullying more frequently used coping strategies focused on emotion&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> When adolescents choose to avoid the problem or judge themselves&#44; they increase their risk of developing symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Teenagers have the ability to manage their emotions effectively&#44; so they have good endurance in dealing with problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> Some teenagers are in the normal category because when they experience emotional problems they are faster to seek help&#46; Adolescents who are in the borderline and abnormal categories can feel anxious&#44; lack confidence&#44; and worry when problems occur&#46; Adolescents who experience anxiety and depression will experience symptoms of emotional problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Good emotional development can be obtained through support from family and peers&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Teenagers able to control emotions will stop themselves from engaging in negative behavior when experiencing a problem&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Adolescent who has low social support from parents must be given reinforcement and guidance so they can perform well&#46; Adolescents with low family function are at greater risk of experiencing mental health problems compared to those with very good family functions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> Triana et al&#46; &#40;2019&#41; also state that families who have a less dynamic relationship in the family&#44; no support and uncare can interfere the psychosocial functioning of the family and mental health for all family members&#46; Therefore&#44; it is important to increase adolescent awareness so that not only self-identity is achieved optimally but also the social relations and adolescents independency can be used appropriately in every situation in their life&#46; Good interpersonal communication and parents&#8217; trust in their teenage children are needed to improve family relationships&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Teachers play a role in supporting adolescents as they explore and try to understand their world&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> Teachers can certainly supported through regular meetings with students&#46; Social support from school can be in the form of information advice&#44; direction&#44; advice and feedback on what should be done to overcome problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a> Parents or teachers can give more advice&#44; direction&#44; and guidance thus helping adolescents to achieve their goals&#46; However&#44; the support provided by teachers in schools is not just information but also the improvement of their cognitive and academic abilities&#46; Considering that school is the second environment after the family&#44; adolescents need to feel comfortable and energized there&#46; It has an impact on their optimal psychosocial development&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the things which must be achieved in adolescent development is the formation of self-identity&#46; This can be formed through the influence of peers or groups&#46; When teenagers are quiet and reluctant to meet friends&#44; it is a sign that they have not been able to solve problems and do not know how to fortify themselves against stress&#44; choosing instead to withdraw from the social environment&#46; This is reinforced by Southwick et al&#46; &#40;2014&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> who reveal some characteristics of a resilient individual&#44; namely&#44; knowing ways to protect yourself from stress and being able to make decisions and solve problems&#46; Lee et al&#46; &#40;2012&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> found that peer acceptance and friendship affect children&#39;s self-esteem and psychological adjustment&#46; The results of the study show there are some teenagers who are already have support from their peers&#46; This indicates that some students have different adaptability&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusion</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this study&#44; adolescents already have good mental health&#46; We found that self-esteem&#44; coping mechanisms&#44; hyperactivity&#44; and behavioral problems had a correlation with mental health as individual factors&#46; In addition&#44; our study found that family factors such as family relationships and social support from parents also contribute to mental health&#46; Social community factors such as social support from teachers&#44; peers&#44; and classmates further correlated with mental health&#46; In addition&#44; our study is the first to investigate the effect of individual&#44; family&#44; and social community factors on mental health in adolescents&#46; For future studies&#44; the factors should include a larger and more representative sample to confirm our study findings&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-05-12"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-07-15"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1315163"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Social support"
            1 => "Well-being"
            2 => "Mental health"
            3 => "Adolescent"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to describe patterns and potential factors of mental health&#44; including emotional&#44; psychological&#44; and social wellbeing among Indonesian adolescents&#46; A descriptive&#44; cross-sectional design was implemented&#46; The sample consisted of 203 junior high school students from four schools &#40;private and public schools&#41; in Bali&#46; Participants completed a one-time&#44; self-report questionnaire on mental health and individual&#44; family&#44; and social community factors&#46; Descriptive&#44; pearson correlation&#44; and logistic regression were used for the analysis&#46; Approximately 44&#46;3&#37; of adolescents were flourishing&#44; 42&#46;4&#37; had moderate mental health&#44; and 13&#46;3&#37; were languishing&#46; Almost all adolescents had high emotional&#44; psychological&#44; and social wellbeing&#46; Self-esteem&#44; behavioral problems&#44; strength&#44; hyperactivity&#44; coping mechanisms&#44; family relationships&#44; social support from parents&#44; teachers&#44; peers&#44; and classmates were perceived as contributing to adolescents&#8217; mental health&#46; Adolescents individuals need to develop adaptive coping abilities to deal with events positively&#46; The involvement of parents and proximity between peers and school environments are needed to strengthen adolescent mental health&#46; There needs to be a comprehensive between adolescents&#44; family&#44; and community as well as interventional strategies and policy directions to help adolescents maintain their mental health&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Nursing Research Conference of Udayana University&#46; Full-text and the content of it is under responsibility of authors of the article&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Flourishing&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderate&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">86&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">42&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Languishing&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">27&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">13&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">73&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">53&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">51&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Participant&#39;s mental health characteristic &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>203&#41;&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">19&#46;61&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8211;30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;79&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8211;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Behavioral problems&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;73&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;82&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#8211;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;41&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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