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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Analysis of the therapeutic effort and economic cost of the care provided to a g...
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Vol. 34. Issue 6.
Pages 458-467 (November - December 2024)
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Vol. 34. Issue 6.
Pages 458-467 (November - December 2024)
Original Article
Analysis of the therapeutic effort and economic cost of the care provided to a group of hospitalized end-of-life patients
Análisis del esfuerzo terapéutico y el coste económico que se producen en la actividad asistencial a un grupo de pacientes ingresados en proceso de final de vida
Estela Hernández-Belloa,
Corresponding author
estelahbello@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Raquel Sánchez-Reciob, Ángel Gasch-Gallénc
a Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
c Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.
Table 2. Relationship between socio-demographic and clinical variables with hospital admission days (and cost generated by stay).
Table 3. Tests and interventions performed on the patients and their costs.
Table 4. Relationship between tests performed and socio-demographic variables.
Table 5. Relationship between socio-demographic variables and number of hospital admissions per year.
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Abstract
Aim

There are social inequalities in access to health care that affect therapeutic effort. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there are differences in expenditure according to days of admission and tests performed by age, sex and population of origin in patients at the end of life.

Methods

Cross-sectional descriptive study, with review of clinical histories of terminally ill patients admitted to a hospital, recruited on the basis of the administration of transfusions, who underwent numerous tests and interventions during their last admission before death. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were studied, as well as the cost of admission and tests.

Results

The 140 patients were hospitalized for an average of 17.41 days (SD: 14.323), with an average cost of 8,264.19 euros (SD: 6,799.8788) per stay. They underwent 59 tests, which amounted to €532,209.68. Being male, of advanced age and of rural origin saw an increase in the number of days of admission. Older people and women received more tests. No relationship was found between days of hospitalization and expenditure with sociodemographic and clinical variables. There was a relationship between surgical interventions and sex (p = 0.047); between age and receiving oncological treatments (p < 0), other techniques (p < 0), nuclear medicine tests (p = 0.02) and electrocardiograms (p = 0.052).

Conclusions

Many palliative patients die in hospitals receiving numerous tests that increase the number of days of hospitalization and costs. Advanced age determines hospital admissions, but not sex or population of origin.

Keywords:
Health economics
Hospital economics
Palliative care
Chronic illness
Healthcare disparities
Resumen
Objetivo

Existen desigualdades sociales en el acceso a la salud que afectan al esfuerzo terapéutico. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar si existen diferencias en el gasto según días de ingreso y pruebas realizadas por edad, sexo y población de procedencia en pacientes en proceso de final de vida.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo transversal, con revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes terminales ingresados/as en un hospital, reclutados en base a la administración de transfusiones, que durante su último ingreso antes de fallecer se les realizaron numerosas pruebas e intervenciones. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, y el coste que el ingreso y las pruebas generaron.

Resultados

Los 140 pacientes estuvieron ingresados/as una media de 17,41 días (DT: 14,323), realizando un gasto medio de 8.264,19€ (DT: 6.799,8788) por estancia. Se les realizaron 59 pruebas, que supusieron 532.209,68€. Ser hombre, de edad avanzada y de origen rural vieron incrementados los días de ingreso. Las personas de más edad y las mujeres recibieron más pruebas. No se encuentra relación entre los días de ingreso y el gasto con las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Sí hubo relación entre las intervenciones quirúrgicas y el sexo (p = 0,047); entre la edad y recibir tratamientos oncológicos (p < 0), otras técnicas (p < 0), pruebas de medicina nuclear (p = 0,02) y electrocardiogramas (p = 0,052).

Conclusiones

Muchos pacientes paliativos fallecen en hospitales recibiendo numerosas pruebas que aumentan los días de ingreso y los costes. La edad avanzada condiciona los ingresos hospitalarios, no así el sexo o la población de procedencia.

Palabras clave:
Economía de la salud
Economía hospitalaria
Cuidados paliativos
Enfermedad crónica
Disparidades en atención de salud

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