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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Mental health of nursing students regarding the Moroccan earthquake: A cross-sec...
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Vol. 34. Issue 5.
Pages 377-385 (September - October 2024)
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Vol. 34. Issue 5.
Pages 377-385 (September - October 2024)
Original Article
Mental health of nursing students regarding the Moroccan earthquake: A cross-sectional study
Salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería ante el terremoto de Marruecos: un estudio transversal
Mounia Amanea,
Corresponding author
mouniaamane9@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Nadia Hachoumia, Rquia Laabidia, Loubna Mazzia, Souad Yakinia, Sokaina Loulidib, Siham Jbaria, El Hassane Mouridc, Samia Boussaad
a ISPITS-Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco
b Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
c Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
d ISPITS-Higher Institute of Nursing and Technical Health Occupations, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Rabat, Morocco
Article information
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristic of study population (N = 261).
Table 2. Distribution of score values.
Table 3. Correlation between meseares.
Table 4. Associated factors to mental health of nursing students.
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Abstract
Objective

In addition to the economic and social impact, mental health issues are one of health needs during natural disaster such as earthquake. Thus, surveillance for mental health variables is crucial for public health planning. Nursing students as professional students may be particularly vulnerable to adverse mental health effects after an earthquake because of their potential role in emergency response and the challenges associated with providing medical care in crisis conditions. The aim of this research was to assess the mental health of students after six months of the Moroccan earthquake and associated factors.

Method

A cross-sectional survey of student nurses was conducted on March 2024; six months after the Moroccan earthquake in front to 261 students using class sampling method. Three validated psychometric measures, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PCL-C), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to assess the nursing student mental health after Moroccan earthquake.

Results

Anxiety, Depression, Stress and abnormal post-traumatic stress rank was present respectively in 44.8%, 37.1%, 7.7%, 61.3% of participants. However, a minority of students obtained the high resilience score (13.8%). The results showed that the DAS scale correlated negatively with age (p = 0.034). Furthermore, the female gender, 3rd grade students (as final year for the nursing diploma) and those who had lost a family member in the natural disaster obtained higher medians with a significant difference in the DAS scale score (p < 0.05). The post-traumatic stress scale was only affected by material damage (p = 0.044). However, the high level of scores resilience obtained significantly for students living with their families. In contrast, no association between the mental health of nursing students and attending the phenomenon or living near earthquake foci.

Conclusion

This study has demonstrated the crucial need to train healthcare providers in emotion management in the event of a natural disaster, and to launch a priori initiatives, particularly with regard to the mental health of students in health universities, in order to prepare them psychologically for any intervention in the case of an alert.

Keywords:
Mental health
Nurse students
Resilience
Earthquake
Morocco
Resumen
Objetivo

Además del impacto económico y social, los problemas de salud mental son una de las necesidades sanitarias durante catástrofes naturales como los terremotos. Por ello, la vigilancia de las variables de salud mental es crucial para la planificación de la salud pública. Los estudiantes de enfermería, como estudiantes profesionales, pueden ser particularmente vulnerables a los efectos adversos sobre la salud mental después de un terremoto debido a su papel potencial en la respuesta de emergencia y los desafíos asociados a la prestación de atención médica en condiciones de crisis. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la salud mental de los estudiantes transcurridos seis meses del terremoto de Marruecos y los factores asociados.

Método

Se realizó una encuesta transversal a estudiantes de enfermería en marzo de 2024, seis meses después del terremoto de Marruecos a 261 estudiantes utilizando el método de muestreo por clases. Se utilizaron tres medidas psicométricas validadas: Trastorno de estrés postraumático (PCL-C), Escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS-21) y Escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC) para evaluar la salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería tras el terremoto de Marruecos.

Resultados

La ansiedad, la depresión, el estrés y el rango anormal de estrés postraumático estaban presentes respectivamente en el 44,8, 37,1, 7,7 y 61,3% de los participantes. Sin embargo, una minoría de estudiantes obtuvo la puntuación de resiliencia alta (13.8%). Los resultados mostraron que la escala DAS correlacionaba negativamente con la edad (p = 0,034). Además, el género femenino, los estudiantes de 3er grado (como último curso de la diplomatura de enfermería) y los que habían perdido a un familiar en la catástrofe natural obtuvieron medianas más altas con una diferencia significativa en la puntuación de la escala DAS (p < 0.05). La escala de estrés postraumático sólo se vio afectada por los daños materiales (p = 0,044). Sin embargo, el alto nivel de las puntuaciones de resiliencia fue obtenido significativamente por los estudiantes que vivían con sus familias. Por el contrario, no se observó ninguna asociación entre la salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería y la asistencia al fenómeno o el hecho de vivir cerca de los focos del terremoto.

Conclusiones

Este estudio ha demostrado la necesidad crucial de formar al personal sanitario en la gestión de las emociones en caso de catástrofe natural y de poner en marcha iniciativas a priori, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la salud mental de los estudiantes de las universidades sanitarias, con el fin de prepararlos psicológicamente para cualquier intervención en caso de alerta.

Palabras clave:
Salud mental
Estudiantes de enfermería
Resiliencia
Terremoto
Marruecos

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