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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Body mass index does not influence loss of response to tumor necrosis factor inh...
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Original Article
Available online 24 February 2025
Body mass index does not influence loss of response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in Crohn's disease
El índice de masa corporal no influye en la pérdida de respuesta a los inhibidores del factor de necrosis tumoral en la enfermedad de Crohn
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Carla Bortolin Fonsecaa, Roberta Petrya, Luciana Harlacherb, Laryssa Hanauera, Carlos Fernando Magalhães Francesconia, Paulo Gustavo Kotzec, Cristina Floresb,
Corresponding author
cfloresgastro@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
b Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
c Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
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Tables (6)
Table 1. Sample characteristics.
Table 2. Overall outcomes according to medication.
Table 3. Outcomes related to each anti-TNF according to BMI classification after 54 weeks.
Table 4. Comparison of LOR between infliximab and adalimumab according to BMI.
Table 5. Multivariate Poisson regression analysis to assess the effect of overweight+obesity on outcomes, according to the medication used (comparing BMI groups within each medication).
Table 6. Influence of BMI on endoscopic findings with each anti-TNF.
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Abstract
Objectives

Moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) treatment was revolutionized by introducing anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents, which is still a cornerstone of the treatment. It is speculated that adipose tissue may influence treatment response, especially for non-weight-adjusted agents.

Patients and methods

Research comparing the effectiveness of anti-TNFs between eutrophic and overweight patients may impact clinical management. We performed a retrospective analysis of a CD patient database. The primary endpoint was loss of response (LOR) after 54 weeks with infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA) in patients with body mass index (BMI) <25 and ≥25. Secondary endpoints were steroid-free remission and endoscopic remission rate.

Results

One hundred seventy-nine CD patients were evaluated; 48.9% had LOR after 54 weeks of anti-TNF therapy. Fifty-four patients had a BMI ≥25, with 51 receiving IFX and 28 receiving ADA. The univariate analysis identified LOR in 56.5% of the patients with IFX and 34.9% in the ADA group (p=0.009). In the 54-week multivariate analysis, loss of response in the IFX group with BMI ≥25 had a relative risk of 1.04 [CI 0.60–1.80 (p=0.891)] compared to patients with BMI <25. Being overweight or obese led to a risk of 1.50 for LOR for ADA at 54-week time point [CI 0.60–3.74 (p=0.0387)]. Clinical remission at 54 weeks was similar between BMI groups.

Conclusions

Being overweight did not influence the LOR to treatment when IFX and ADA were compared, nor did it affect clinical and endoscopic remission after 54 weeks.

Keywords:
Body mass index
Loss of response
Anti-TNF
Crohn's disease
Obesity
Resumen
Antecedentes

El tratamiento de la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) fue revolucionado por los agentes antifactor de necrosis tumoral (TNF) y estos agentes siguen siendo una piedra angular del tratamiento. Se especula que el tejido adiposo puede influir en la respuesta al tratamiento, especialmente para agentes no ajustados al peso. Las investigaciones que comparan la eficacia de los anti-TNF entre pacientes eutróficos y con sobrepeso pueden afectar el manejo clínico.

Métodos

Realizamos un análisis retrospectivo de una base de datos de pacientes con EC. El criterio de valoración principal fue la pérdida de respuesta (LOR) después de 54 semanas con infliximab (IFX) y adalimumab (ADA) en pacientes con IMC (índice de masa corporal) <25 y ≥ 25. Los criterios de valoración secundarios fueron la remisión clínica sin esteroides y la tasa de remission endoscópica.

Resultados

Se evaluaron un total de 179 pacientes con EC; El 48.9% tuvo LOR después de 54 semanas de terapia anti-TNF. En total, 79 pacientes tenían un IMC ≥ 25, 51 recibieron IFX y 28 recibieron ADA. En el análisis univariado, se identificó LOR en el 56.5% de los pacientes con IFX y en el 34,9% en el grupo ADA (p=0,009). En el análisis multivariado de 54 semanas, la perdida de respuesta en el grupo IFX con IMC ≥ 25 tuvo un riesgo relativo (RR) de 1.04 [CI 0,60-1.80 (p=0.891)] em comparación con los pacientes con IMC <25. El sobrepeso e la obesidad generó un riesgo de 1,50 para LOR para ADA al cabo de 54 semanas [CI 0,60-3,74 (p=0.0387)]. La remisión clínica a las 54 semanas fue similar entre los grupos de IMC.

Conclusiones

El sobrepeso no influyó en la LOR al tratamiento cuando se compararon IFX y ADA, ni influyó en la remisión clínica y endoscópica después de 54 semanas de tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Índice de masa corporal
Pérdida de respuesta
Anti-TNF
Enfermedad de Crohn
Obesidad

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