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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition) Leishmania infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Case series an...
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Vol. 47. Issue 1.
Pages 82-92 (January 2024)
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Vol. 47. Issue 1.
Pages 82-92 (January 2024)
Review
Leishmania infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Case series and literature review
Infección por Leishmania en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
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Leticia Gimeno-Pitarcha,
Corresponding author
gimenopitarchleticia@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Pedro Almelaa, Pilar Nosb
a Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
b Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario la Fe de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Leishmaniasis clinical signs and symptoms.
Table 2. Report of Leishmania-infected cases in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Additional material (2)
Abstract

Infection by Leishmania spp. in patients diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is rare. Considered endemic in the Mediterranean basin, its manifestations are almost exclusive of patients with impaired cellular immunity. Most of the evidence is found through case reports; without guidelines for its management in patients with IBD. In this study we present three cases of Leishmania infection in patients with IBD that lead us to carry out a review of the current literature.

Immunosuppressive treatment contributes to this infection, which presents atypically, with a challenging diagnosis. Initial systemic treatment with withdrawal of the immunosuppressant drug seems to be the best therapeutic strategy. Studies are needed in endemic areas to determine its incidence in IBD patients, as well as its possible association with immunosuppressive therapy. The need for serological screening prior introduction of immunosuppressive drugs could be suggested.

Keywords:
Leishmaniasis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
Resumen

La infección por Leishmania spp. en pacientes diagnosticados de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) es rara. Considerada endémica en la cuenca del Mediterráneo, sus manifestaciones son casi exclusivas de pacientes con alteración de la inmunidad celular. La mayoría de la evidencia la encontramos a través de reportes de casos en la literatura; sin que existan guías para su manejo en pacientes con EII. Presentamos tres casos de infección por Leishmania en pacientes con EII que nos llevan a realizar una revisión de la literatura actual.

La terapia inmunosupresora parece favorecer esta infección, presentándose de forma atípica, con diagnóstico desafiante. El tratamiento sistémico de entrada junto a la retirada del inmunosupresor parece ser la mejor estrategia terapéutica. Se precisan estudios en zona endémica que determinen su incidencia en pacientes con EII, así como su posible asociación con la terapia inmunosupresora. Se podría sugerir la necesidad de cribado serológico previa introducción de inmunosupresores.

Palabras clave:
Leishmaniasis
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Enfermedad de Crohn
Colitis ulcerosa

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