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Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 353-356 (January 2004)
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Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 353-356 (January 2004)
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¿Cuándo sería más rentable realizar una endoscopia digestiva alta para establecer la presencia de varices esofágicas en pacientes con cirrosis?
When is the best time to perform upper digestive endoscopy to detect the presence of esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis?
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R. Adrovera,
Corresponding author
raul_adrover@sinectis.com.ar

Correspondencia: Dr. R. Adrover. C/ 493 bis, 2149 Gonnet (1897). Buenos Aires. Argentina.
, D. Cocozzellaa, S. Borzia, L. Montenegrob, M. Defelittob, D. Bosiac, E. Fraquellic, J. Curciarelloc
a Sección de Hepatología. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi. La Plata
b Servicio de Radiología. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi. La Plata
c Servicio de Gastroenterología. Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi. La Plata. Argentina
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Introduccion

La hemorragia varicosa ocurre en el 25 al 35% de los pacientes cirróticos y está asociada con una morbimortalidad significativa y mayores costes hospitalarios. El estudio endoscópico de varices esofagogástricas (VEG) en los pacientes cirróticos incrementa los costes, tiene cierto grado de invasividad y provoca malestar en los pacientes. La asociación de la presencia de VEG con el tamaño esplénico, la función hepática y el recuento de plaquetas es controvertida.

Realizamos este estudio para conocer la correlación entre la funcionalidad hepática, evaluada mediante la clasificación de Child-Pugh, el recuento de plaquetas y el índice volumétrico esplénico con la presencia de VEG, en pacientes con cirrosis asistidos de forma ambulatoria.

Pacientes Y Metodo

A los 68 enfermos incluidos se les realizaron: historia clínica, pruebas bioquímicas, ecografía abdominal en modo B y Doppler, además de una videoendoscopia digestiva alta.

Resultados

El 76,47% de los pacientes eran varones y el 23,53%, mujeres. La mediana de edad (± desviación estándar) fue de 52,8 ± 12,4 años. Según la clasificación de Child-Pugh, el 54,41% pertenecía al grupo a A, el 41,18% al B y el 4,41% al C. Las causas más frecuentes de cirrosis fueron el consumo de alcohol (52,95%) y el virus de la hepatitis C (17,65%). Se encontraron varices esofágicas en el 85,29% de los pacientes. La mediana del índice volumétrico esplénico fue de 50,5 ± 9,2 y la mediana del recuento de plaquetas, de 150 ± 26 × 109/l. Se halló correlación entre la presencia de varices esofágicas, índice volumétrico esplénico ≥ 45 y recuento de plaquetas ≤ 100 × 109/l (r = 0,327; p = 0,006), pero no entre la presencia de varices esofágicas y el grado de Child-Pug A.

En el análisis multivariado, sólo la presencia de varices esofágicas se asoció a un índice de volumen esplénico ≥ 45 (odds ratio de 7,4; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,30-77,7; p = 0,02).

Conclusion

La presencia de varices esofágicas en pacientes cirróticos asistidos de forma ambulatoria se correlacionó con un índice volumétrico esplénico ≥ 45 y un recuento de plaquetas ≤ 100 × 109/l.

Introduction

Variceal hemorrhage occurs in 25 to 35% of cirrhotic patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and elevated hospital costs. Endoscopic exploration of gastroesophageal varices (GEV) in cirrhotic patients increases costs and involves a certain degree of invasiveness and discomfort for patients. The association between the presence of GEV and spleen size, liver function and platelet count is controversial.

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between liver function, evaluated by Child-Pugh (Ch-P) classification, platelet count (PC) and spleen volume index (SVI) with the presence of GEV in patients with cirrhosis managed in the outpatient setting.

Patients And Method

Sixty-eight patients were included. In all patients, a medical history was taken and biochemical tests, mode B and Doppler abdominal ultrasonography, and upper digestive video-endoscopy were performed.

Results

A total of 76.47% of the patients were men and 23.53% were women. The median age was 52.8 ± 12.4 years. More than half (54.41%) of the patients were Ch-P grade A, 41.18% were grade B and 4.41% were grade C. The most frequent causes of cirrhosis were alcohol in 52.95% and hepatitis C virus in 17.65%. Esophageal varices (EV) were found in 85.29% of the patients. The median SVI was 50.5 ± 9.2 and the median PC was 150 ± 26 × 109/L. A correlation was found between the presence of EV, SVI ≥ 45 and PC ≤ 100 × 109/L (r = 0.327; p = 0.006). No correlation was found between the presence of EV and Ch-P grade A. In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of EV was associated with SVI ≥ 45 (OR 7.4; 95% CI, 1.30-77.7; p = 0.02).

Conclusion

The presence of EV in cirrhotic patients managed in the outpatient setting was correlated with SVI ≥ 45 and PC ≤ 100 × 109/L.

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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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