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Vol. 27. Issue 8.
Pages 444-449 (January 2004)
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Vol. 27. Issue 8.
Pages 444-449 (January 2004)
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Factores que influyen en la decisión de administrar corticoides sistémicos en la enfermedad de Crohn
Factors influencing the decision to administer systemic corticosteroids in crohn's disease
Visits
3718
P. Nos
Corresponding author
pnosm@meditex.es

Correspondencia: Dra. P. Nos. Servicio de Medicina Digestiva. Hospital La Fe. Avda. Campanar, 21. 46009 Valencia. España.
, G. Bastida, V. Garrigues, F. Calvo, M. Ponce, N. Maroto, J. Ponce
Servicio de Medicina Digestiva. Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
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Introducción

La enfermedad de Crohn cursa con períodos de exacerbación y remisión. Los corticoides han sido los fármacos más utilizados en los brotes de actividad. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer qué parámetros clínicos y analíticos se asocian con la decisión terapéutica de administrar corticoides en el curso de la enfermedad.

Material y método

Se seleccionaron de una base de datos 207 visitas consecutivas realizadas en 62 pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y se compararon los datos de las visitas en las que se había iniciado la administración de corticoides (n = 65) con los de aquellas en las que tal decisión no se tomó (n = 142). Se realizó un análisis univariante y multivariante (regresión logística). Los resultados se expresan como odds ratio (OR) con el intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%.

Resultados

En el análisis univariante se detectaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos en cuanto a la localización, el tratamiento de mantenimiento, el valor del Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), la presencia de dolor abdominal, masa, enfermedad perianal, las manifestaciones extraintestinales y todos los parámetros analíticos (leucocitos, plaquetas, fibrinógeno, velocidad de sedimentación globular y proteína C reactiva). En el análisis multivariante (administración de corticoides como variable dependiente) se detectó una asociación positiva, estadísticamente significativa, entre la decisión de administrar corticoides y el CDAI leve (OR = 31,9; IC del 95%, 6,6-154,1), moderado o grave (OR = 49,7; IC del 95%, 6,1-401,3), la localización ileocólica (OR = 4,8; IC del 95%, 1-22,1) y la presencia de enfermedad perianal (OR = 7,4; IC del 95%, 1,5-35,9), y una asociación negativa con el tratamiento de mantenimiento con inmunosupresores (OR = 0,05; IC del 95%, 0,30-0,008). Las variables de laboratorio asociadas positivamente con la administración de corticoides fueron la proteína C reactiva y la cifra de leucocitos.

Conclusión

El valor del CDAI es la variable de mayor valor predictivo para la prescripción de corticoides, aunque otras variables clínicas y analíticas no incluidas en este índice también se asocian con esta decisión terapéutica. Existe una asociación negativa entre el uso de inmunosupresores y la prescripción de corticoides.

Introduction

Crohn's disease shows periods of exacerbation and remission. Corticosteroids are the most frequently used drugs in exacerbations of disease activity. The objective of this study is to determine which clinical and laboratory parameters are associated with the therapeutic decision to administer corticosteroids during the course of the disease.

Material and method

Two-hundred seven consecutive visits made by 62 patients with Crohn's disease were selected from a database. Data from visits in which corticosteroid administration was initiated (n = 65) were compared with those from visits in which this decision was not made (n = 142). Univariate and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were performed. The results are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results

In the univariate analysis statistically significant differences were found between groups in localization, maintenance treatment, Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score, the presence of abdominal pain, mass, perianal disease, extraintestinal manifestations and all laboratory parameters (leukocytes, platelets, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein). In the multivariate analysis (with corticosteroid administration as the dependent variable) a statistically significant positive association was found between the decision to administer corticosteroids and mild (OR = 31.9; 95% CI, 6.6-154.1), moderate or severe (OR = 49.7; 95% CI, 6.1-401.3) CDAI, ileocolic localization (OR = 4.8; 95% CI, 1-22.1) and the presence of peria-nal disease (OR = 7.4; 95% CI, 1.5-35.9), while a negative association was found with maintenance treatment with immunosuppressant drugs (OR = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.30-0.008). The laboratory variables positively associated with corticosteroid administration were C-reactive protein and leukocyte count.

Conclusion

The variable with greatest predictive value for corticosteroid prescription is the CDAI score, although other clinical and laboratory variables not included in this index are also associated with corticosteroid administration. There is a negative association between the use of immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroid prescription.

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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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