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Vol. 34. Issue S1.
Jornada de Actualización en Gastroenterología Aplicada
Pages 47-52 (January 2011)
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Vol. 34. Issue S1.
Jornada de Actualización en Gastroenterología Aplicada
Pages 47-52 (January 2011)
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
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Novedades en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Crohn
Advances in the treatment of Crohn's disease
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Guillermo Bastida
Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España
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Resumen

Durante el último congreso Digestive Disease Week (DDW) se presentaron numerosas comunicaciones en relación con la enfermedad de Crohn (EC). Varios estudios han explorado nuevas vías patogénicas. La inhibición de los linfocitos T producida por el abatacept no se mostró útil. Otros fármacos como la naltrexona (antagonista opiáceo) o el traficet- EN (antagonista de una molécula específica del tráfico de leucocitos) sí que se mostraron eficaces. Otra estrategia, modificar fármacos existentes como la mercaptpurina (DR6- MP), para disminuir su toxicidad podría ser útil en un futuro en pacientes con EC.

En la prevención de la recurrencia se presentaron varios estudios: el VSL-3 no pudo demostrar su utilidad, pero tanto adalimumab como infliximab parece que son muy eficaces en esta circunstancia.

Un objetivo terapéutico, la curación mucosa, fue motivo de varias comunicaciones. Este objetivo es más fácilmente alcanzable cuando se trata a los pacientes de forma continua con biológicos y tiene valor pronóstico de buena evolución. En los pacientes tratados con infliximab los valores valle se correlacionan con la curación mucosa. En caso de fracaso de un biológico se puede sustituir por infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab o natalizumab. En caso de remisión con infliximab, el cambio por adalimumab no parece adecuado.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Crohn
Tratamiento
Tiopurinas
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Abstract

Numerous communications were presented on Crohn's disease (CD) in Digestive Disease Week 2010. Several studies explored new pathogenic pathways. T lymphocyte inhibition by Abatacept was not demonstrated to be useful. Other drugs such as naltrexone (an opiate antagonist) and Traficet-EN (which targets the small-intestinal-specific chemokine receptor CCR9) have been shown to be effective. Another strategy, modifying alreadyexisting drugs such as mercaptopurine (DR6-MP), to reduce their toxicity could prove useful in future in patients with CD.

Several studies on preventing recurrence were presented: VSL-3 failed to demonstrate efficacy but both adalimumab and infliximab seem to be highly effective in achieving this goal.

One therapeutic objective —mucosal healing— was the subject of several communications. This aim is easier to achieve when patients are treated continuously with biological agents and has prognostic value in predicting favorable outcome. In infliximab-treated patients, trough levels correlate with mucosal healing. Patients unresponsive to biological agents can be switched to infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab or natalizumab. In patients achieving remission with infliximab, substituting adalimumab does not seem appropriate.

Keywords:
Crohn's disease
Treatment
Thiopurines
Infliximab
Adalimumab
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Copyright © 2011. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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